Abstract：
This study compared the muscle and tendon morphology of an extraordinarily strong individual, a world\'s strongest man (WSM) and deadlift champion, to that of various other athletic, trained and untrained populations. The WSM completed: (1) 3.0-T MRI scans, to determine the volume of 22 individual lower limb muscles, 5 functional muscle groups, patellar tendon (PT) cross-sectional area (CSA), and PT moment arm; (2) countermovement jumps (CMJ) and isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) contractions. The WSM was compared to previously assessed groups from our laboratory (muscle and tendon) and the wider research literature (CMJ and IMTP). The WSM\'s CMJ peak power (9,866 W), gross (9,171 N) and net (7,480 N) IMTP peak force were higher than any previously published values. The WSM\'s overall measured leg muscle volume was ~twice that of untrained controls (+96%) but with pronounced anatomical variability in the extent of muscular development. The plantar flexor group (+120%) and the guy rope muscles (sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus +140 to +202%), that stabilise the pelvis and femur, demonstrated the largest differences relative to untrained controls. The WSM\'s pronounced quadriceps size (≥2-fold vs. untrained) was accompanied by modest PT moment arm differences, and notably was not matched by an equivalent difference in PT CSA (+30%). These results provide novel insight into the musculotendinous characteristics of an extraordinarily strong individual, that may be towards the upper limit of human variation, such that the WSM\'s very pronounced lower limb muscularity also exhibited distinct anatomical variability, and with muscle size largely uncoupled from tendon size.
摘要：
这项研究比较了一个非常强壮的个体的肌肉和肌腱形态，世界上最强壮的男人（WSM）和硬拉冠军，对其他各种运动来说，受过训练和未受过训练的人群。WSM完成了：（1）3.0TMRI扫描，为了确定22条下肢肌肉的体积，5功能性肌肉群，髌腱（PT）横截面积（CSA），和PT力矩臂；（2）反运动跳跃（CMJ）和等距大腿中部拉力（IMTP）收缩。将WSM与我们实验室（肌肉和肌腱）和更广泛的研究文献（CMJ和IMTP）的先前评估组进行比较。WSM的CMJ峰值功率(9,866瓦)，总(9,171N)和净(7,480N)IMTP峰值力高于以前公布的任何值。WSM的总体测得的腿部肌肉体积约为未经训练的对照组的两倍（96％），但在肌肉发育程度上具有明显的解剖学变异性。足底屈肌组(+120%)和拉绳肌肉(缝匠,gracilis,和半腱肌+140至+202%)，稳定骨盆和股骨，与未经训练的对照相比，差异最大。WSM的明显股四头肌大小(≥2倍vs.未经训练)伴随着适度的PT力矩臂差异，值得注意的是，PTCSA的等效差异不匹配(+30%)。这些结果为一个非常强壮的个体的肌肉肌腱特征提供了新的见解，这可能是人类变异的上限，这样，WSM的非常明显的下肢肌肉也表现出明显的解剖学变异性，肌肉大小与肌腱大小无关。
