Abstract：
Dietary fiber-rich foods have been associated with numerous health benefits, including a reduced risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Harnessing the potential to deliver positive health outcomes rests on our understanding of the underlying mechanisms that drive these associations. This review addresses data and concepts concerning plant-based food functionality by dissecting the cascade of physical and chemical digestive processes and interactions that underpin these physiological benefits. Functional transformations of dietary fiber along the gastrointestinal tract from the stages of oral processing and gastric emptying to intestinal digestion and colonic fermentation influence its capacity to modulate digestion, transit, and commensal microbiome. This analysis highlights the significance, limitations, and challenges in decoding the complex web of interactions to establish a coherent framework connecting specific fiber components\' molecular and macroscale interactions across multiple length scales within the gastrointestinal tract. One critical area that requires closer examination is the interaction between fiber, mucus barrier, and the commensal microbiome when considering food structure design and personalized nutritional strategies for beneficial physiologic effects. Understanding the response of specific fibers, particularly concerning an individual\'s physiology, will offer the opportunity to exploit these functional characteristics to elicit specific, symptom-targeting effects or use fiber types as adjunctive therapies.
摘要：
富含膳食纤维的食物与许多健康益处有关，包括降低心血管和代谢疾病的风险。利用提供积极健康结果的潜力取决于我们对推动这些关联的潜在机制的理解。这篇综述通过解剖支持这些生理益处的物理和化学消化过程和相互作用的级联，解决了有关基于植物的食物功能的数据和概念。从口腔加工和胃排空阶段到肠道消化和结肠发酵，沿着胃肠道的膳食纤维的功能转化会影响其调节消化的能力，transit,和共生微生物组。这一分析突出了意义，局限性,以及在解码复杂的相互作用网以建立一个连贯的框架来连接胃肠道内多个长度尺度上的特定纤维组分的分子和宏观相互作用方面的挑战。需要仔细检查的一个关键领域是纤维之间的相互作用，粘液屏障,当考虑食物结构设计和个性化营养策略以获得有益的生理效应时，以及共生微生物组。了解特定纤维的反应，特别是关于一个人的生理学，将提供机会利用这些功能特征来引出特定的，症状靶向效应或使用纤维类型作为辅助疗法。
