Abstract：
Ketogenic diets (KDs) are very high in fat and low in carbohydrates. Evidence supports that KDs improve glucose metabolism in humans and rodents that are obese and/or insulin resistant. Conversely, findings in healthy rodents suggest that KDs may impair glucose homeostasis. Additionally, most experimental KDs are composed of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, with almost no omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA). Evidence supports a beneficial role for n-3 LCPUFA on glucose homeostasis in the context of a metabolic challenge. To our knowledge, no study has examined whether the inclusion of n-3 LCPUFA affects the impact of a KD on glucose homeostasis. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of a KD on whole-body glucose tolerance and skeletal muscle insulin response in rats, and to determine if increasing the n-3 LCPUFA content in a KD with menhaden oil could improve metabolic outcomes. Male Sprague Dawley rats were pair-fed one of a low-fat diet, high-fat diet, KD, or a KD supplemented with menhaden oil (KDn-3) for 8 weeks. No significant differences in whole-body glucose tolerance, skeletal muscle insulin signaling, or skeletal muscle insulin-stimulated glucose uptake were detected between the dietary groups. Our findings suggest that KD feeding, with or without supplementation of n-3 LCPUFA, does not affect whole-body glucose homeostasis or skeletal muscle insulin response under pair-feeding conditions.
摘要：
生酮饮食（KD）的脂肪含量很高，碳水化合物含量很低。有证据支持KD改善肥胖和/或胰岛素抵抗的人类和啮齿动物的葡萄糖代谢。相反，健康啮齿动物的研究结果表明,KD可能损害葡萄糖稳态.此外,大多数实验KD由饱和和单不饱和脂肪酸组成，几乎没有omega-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3LCPUFA）。证据支持n-3LCPUFA在代谢挑战背景下对葡萄糖稳态的有益作用。据我们所知,没有研究检测n-3LCPUFA的纳入是否会影响KD对葡萄糖稳态的影响.这项研究的目的是检查KD对大鼠全身葡萄糖耐量和骨骼肌胰岛素反应的影响，并确定用薄荷油增加KD中n-3LCPUFA的含量是否可以改善代谢结果。雄性SpragueDawley大鼠配对喂养一种低脂饮食，高脂肪饮食,KD,或补充了薄荷油（KDn-3）的KD，持续8周。全身葡萄糖耐量无显著差异，骨骼肌胰岛素信号，或者在饮食组间检测到骨骼肌胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖摄取。我们的研究结果表明，KD喂养，有或没有补充n-3LCPUFA，在配对喂养条件下不影响全身葡萄糖稳态或骨骼肌胰岛素反应。
