PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The quality of pistachio, one of the export products of Iran, will be decreased during storage as a result of mold spoilage, toxins production, and oil oxidation. This study aimed to investigate the capability of pistachio hull extract (PHE) loaded in fenugreek seed gum (FSG):whey protein isolate (WPI) nanoemulsion to control oil oxidation, and fungi growth in fresh pistachio nut during storage at 4°C. The total anthocyanin and total phenolic content of the PHE were 125.44 μg/g and 675.18 mg/g, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of PHE at 100 ppm was higher than that of tert-butylhydroquinon (TBHQ). In comparison with other concentrations, 50 ppm showed the strongest antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, and Aspergillus nomius. All nanoemulsions have a mean size lower than 265 nm. The polydispersity index (PDI) of different nanoemulsions was lower than 0.3, and a negative zeta potential was observed. The encapsulation efficiency was higher than 67.0% and all nanoemulsions had spherical morphology. The pistachio nuts were coated with different coating solutions containing 0 and 100 ppm of PHE and stored at 4°C for 8 weeks. The results showed that the pistachio sample coated with a composite coating of WPI and FSG containing 100 ppm of PHE has a higher moisture content and lower changes in L*, a*, and b* indexes, oil oxidation, fungi development, and total mold and yeast count. This treatment exhibited higher overall acceptance than other samples at the end of storage time. The results of this study suggest the use of biodegradable coatings enriched with natural extracts that have high antioxidant and antifungal activities.
摘要：
开心果的质量，伊朗的出口产品之一，由于霉菌变质，在储存期间会减少，毒素生产，和油的氧化。本研究旨在研究胡芦巴种子胶（FSG）中加载的开心果壳提取物（PHE）：乳清蛋白分离物（WPI）纳米乳液控制油氧化的能力，新鲜开心果在4℃储存过程中真菌的生长PHE的总花色苷和总酚含量分别为125.44μg/g和675.18mg/g，分别。PHE在100ppm时的DPPH自由基清除活性高于叔丁基氢醌(TBHQ)。与其他浓度相比，50ppm对黄曲霉表现出最强的抗真菌活性，寄生曲霉,和黑曲霉.所有纳米乳液具有低于265nm的平均尺寸。不同纳米乳液的多分散指数(PDI)低于0.3,并且观察到负ζ电位。包封效率高于67.0%,并且所有纳米乳液具有球形形态。开心果用含有0和100ppmPHE的不同涂层溶液涂覆并在4°C下储存8周。结果表明，含有100ppmPHE的WPI和FSG复合涂层的开心果样品具有较高的水分含量和较低的L*变化，a*,和b*索引，油氧化，真菌发育，和总霉菌和酵母计数。在储存时间结束时,这种处理表现出比其他样品更高的总体接受度。这项研究的结果表明，使用富含具有高抗氧化和抗真菌活性的天然提取物的可生物降解涂料。
