Abstract：
Emotional memory bias is a common characteristic of internalizing symptomatology and is enhanced during sleep. The current study employs bifactor S-1 modeling to disentangle depression-specific anhedonia, anxiety-specific anxious arousal, and the common internalizing factor, general distress, and test whether these internalizing symptoms interact with sleep to influence memory for emotional and neutral information. Healthy adults (N = 281) encoded scenes featuring either negative objects (e.g., a vicious looking snake) or neutral objects (e.g., a chipmunk) placed on neutral backgrounds (e.g., an outdoor scene). After a 12-hour period of daytime wakefulness (n = 140) or nocturnal sleep (n = 141), participants judged whether objects and backgrounds were the same, similar, or new compared with what they viewed during encoding. Participants also completed the mini version of the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire. Higher anxious arousal predicted worse memory across all stimuli features, but only after a day spent being awake-not following a night of sleep. No significant effects were found for general distress and anhedonia in either the sleep or wake condition. In this study, internalizing symptoms were not associated with enhanced emotional memory. Instead, memory performance specifically in individuals with higher anxious arousal was impaired overall, regardless of emotional valence, but this was only the case when the retention interval spanned wakefulness (i.e., not when it spanned sleep). This suggests that sleep may confer a protective effect on general memory impairments associated with anxiety.
摘要：
情绪记忆偏差是内化症状学的常见特征，在睡眠期间会增强。目前的研究采用双因子S-1模型来解开凹陷特异性快感缺失，特定于焦虑的焦虑唤醒，和共同的内在化因素，一般的痛苦，并测试这些内化症状是否与睡眠相互作用以影响对情绪和中性信息的记忆。健康成人(N=281)编码的场景具有任一负面对象(例如，看起来很邪恶的蛇)或中性物体(例如，花栗鼠)放在中性背景上(例如，户外场景)。经过12小时的白天清醒（n=140）或夜间睡眠（n=141），参与者判断对象和背景是否相同，相似,或新的与他们在编码期间查看的内容相比。参与者还完成了情绪和焦虑症状问卷的迷你版本。更高的焦虑唤醒预测所有刺激特征的记忆力下降，但只有在醒了一天之后-没有经过一夜的睡眠。在睡眠或觉醒状态下，一般痛苦和快感缺乏均未发现显着影响。在这项研究中,内化症状与情绪记忆增强无关.相反，特别是在焦虑性兴奋较高的个体中的记忆表现整体受损，不管情绪效价如何，但只有当保留间隔跨越清醒时(即，不是当它跨越睡眠时)。这表明睡眠可能对与焦虑相关的一般记忆障碍具有保护作用。
