Abstract：
BACKGROUND: People with bipolar disorder (BD) tend to show widespread cognitive impairment compared to healthy controls. Impairments in processing speed (PS), attention and executive function (EF) may represent \'core\' impairments that have a role in wider cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive impairments appear to relate to structural brain abnormalities in BD, but whether core deficits are related to particular brain regions is unclear and much of the research on brain-cognition associations is limited by univariate analysis and small samples.
METHODS: Euthymic BD patients (n = 56) and matched healthy controls (n = 26) underwent T1-weighted MRI scans and completed neuropsychological tests of PS, attention and EF. We utilised public datasets to develop normative models of cortical thickness (n = 5977) to generate robust estimations of cortical abnormalities in patients. Canonical correlation analysis was used to assess multivariate brain-cognition associations in BD, controlling for age, sex and premorbid IQ.
RESULTS: BD showed impairments on tests of PS, attention and EF, and abnormal cortical thickness in several brain regions compared to healthy controls. Impairments in tests of PS and EF were most strongly associated with cortical thickness in the left inferior temporal, right entorhinal and right temporal pole areas.
CONCLUSIONS: Impairments in PS, attention and EF can be observed in euthymic BD and may be related to abnormal cortical thickness in temporal regions. Future research should continue to leverage normative modelling and multivariate methods to examine complex brain-cognition associations in BD. Future research may benefit from exploring covariance between traditional brain structural morphological metrics such as cortical thickness, cortical volume and surface area.
METHODS: Euthymic BD patients (n = 56) and matched healthy controls (n = 26) underwent T1-weighted MRI scans and completed neuropsychological tests of PS, attention and EF. We utilised public datasets to develop normative models of cortical thickness (n = 5977) to generate robust estimations of cortical abnormalities in patients. Canonical correlation analysis was used to assess multivariate brain-cognition associations in BD, controlling for age, sex and premorbid IQ.
RESULTS: BD showed impairments on tests of PS, attention and EF, and abnormal cortical thickness in several brain regions compared to healthy controls. Impairments in tests of PS and EF were most strongly associated with cortical thickness in the left inferior temporal, right entorhinal and right temporal pole areas.
CONCLUSIONS: Impairments in PS, attention and EF can be observed in euthymic BD and may be related to abnormal cortical thickness in temporal regions. Future research should continue to leverage normative modelling and multivariate methods to examine complex brain-cognition associations in BD. Future research may benefit from exploring covariance between traditional brain structural morphological metrics such as cortical thickness, cortical volume and surface area.
摘要：
背景：与健康对照组相比，患有双相情感障碍（BD）的人倾向于表现出广泛的认知障碍。处理速度(PS)减值，注意力和执行功能（EF）可能代表“核心”损害，在更广泛的认知功能障碍中起作用。认知障碍似乎与BD的结构性脑异常有关，但是核心缺陷是否与特定的大脑区域相关尚不清楚,许多关于大脑-认知关联的研究受到单变量分析和小样本的限制.
方法：EuthymicBD患者（n=56）和匹配的健康对照（n=26）接受T1加权MRI扫描并完成PS的神经心理学测试，注意和EF。我们利用公共数据集来开发皮质厚度的规范模型（n=5977），以生成患者皮质异常的可靠估计。典型相关分析用于评估BD的多变量脑认知关联，控制年龄，性和病前智商。
结果：BD在PS测试中显示受损，注意和EF，与健康对照相比，几个大脑区域的皮质厚度异常。PS和EF测试中的损伤与左颞下皮质厚度密切相关，右内嗅和右颞极区。
结论：PS减值，注意和EF可以在正常的BD中观察到，并且可能与颞区皮质厚度异常有关。未来的研究应继续利用规范建模和多变量方法来检查BD中复杂的大脑认知关联。未来的研究可能会受益于探索传统大脑结构形态学指标之间的协方差，如皮质厚度，皮质体积和表面积。
方法：EuthymicBD患者（n=56）和匹配的健康对照（n=26）接受T1加权MRI扫描并完成PS的神经心理学测试，注意和EF。我们利用公共数据集来开发皮质厚度的规范模型（n=5977），以生成患者皮质异常的可靠估计。典型相关分析用于评估BD的多变量脑认知关联，控制年龄，性和病前智商。
结果：BD在PS测试中显示受损，注意和EF，与健康对照相比，几个大脑区域的皮质厚度异常。PS和EF测试中的损伤与左颞下皮质厚度密切相关，右内嗅和右颞极区。
结论：PS减值，注意和EF可以在正常的BD中观察到，并且可能与颞区皮质厚度异常有关。未来的研究应继续利用规范建模和多变量方法来检查BD中复杂的大脑认知关联。未来的研究可能会受益于探索传统大脑结构形态学指标之间的协方差，如皮质厚度，皮质体积和表面积。
