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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Previous studies examined the association of Helicobacter pylori infection (H. pylori) with complications of diabetes, but the results have been inconsistent. The aim of this study of patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D) was to determine the association of H. pylori infection with the major complications of diabetes.
METHODS: This single-center retrospective study examined patients with T2D who received H. pylori testing between January 2016 and December 2021. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association of H. pylori infection with four major complications of diabetes.
RESULTS: We examined 960 patients with T2D, and 481 of them (50.1%) were positive for H. pylori. H. pylori infection was significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy (odds ratio [OR] = 1.462; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.006,2.126; P = 0.046). In addition, the co-occurrence of H. pylori positivity with hypertension (OR = 4.451; 95% CI: 2.351,8.427; P < 0.001), with glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of at least 8% (OR = 2.925; 95% CI: 1.544,5.541; P = 0.001), and with diabetes duration of at least 9 years (OR = 3.305; 95% CI:1.823,5.993; P < 0.001) further increased the risk of diabetic nephropathy. There was no evidence of an association of H. pylori infection with retinopathy, neuropathy, or peripheral vascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study of T2D patients indicated that those with H. pylori infections had an increased risk of nephropathy, and this risk was greater in patients who also had hypertension, an HbA1c level of 8% or more, and diabetes duration of 9 years or more.
METHODS: This single-center retrospective study examined patients with T2D who received H. pylori testing between January 2016 and December 2021. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the association of H. pylori infection with four major complications of diabetes.
RESULTS: We examined 960 patients with T2D, and 481 of them (50.1%) were positive for H. pylori. H. pylori infection was significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy (odds ratio [OR] = 1.462; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.006,2.126; P = 0.046). In addition, the co-occurrence of H. pylori positivity with hypertension (OR = 4.451; 95% CI: 2.351,8.427; P < 0.001), with glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of at least 8% (OR = 2.925; 95% CI: 1.544,5.541; P = 0.001), and with diabetes duration of at least 9 years (OR = 3.305; 95% CI:1.823,5.993; P < 0.001) further increased the risk of diabetic nephropathy. There was no evidence of an association of H. pylori infection with retinopathy, neuropathy, or peripheral vascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study of T2D patients indicated that those with H. pylori infections had an increased risk of nephropathy, and this risk was greater in patients who also had hypertension, an HbA1c level of 8% or more, and diabetes duration of 9 years or more.
摘要：
背景：先前的研究检查了幽门螺杆菌感染的关联（H.幽门螺杆菌）伴有糖尿病并发症，但是结果不一致。这项针对2型糖尿病（T2D）患者的研究旨在确定幽门螺杆菌感染与糖尿病主要并发症的关系。
方法：这项单中心回顾性研究检查了在2016年1月至2021年12月期间接受幽门螺杆菌检测的T2D患者。采用Logistic回归分析评价H.pylori感染与糖尿病4种主要并发症的相关性。
结果：我们检查了960例T2D患者，其中481例(50.1%)幽门螺杆菌阳性。幽门螺杆菌感染与糖尿病肾病显著相关(比值比[OR]=1.462;95%置信区间[CI]:1.006,2.126;P=0.046)。此外,幽门螺杆菌阳性与高血压并存(OR=4.451;95%CI:2.351,8.427;P<0.001),糖化血红蛋白A1c（HbA1c）至少为8％（OR=2.925;95％CI：1.54,5.541;P=0.001），糖尿病病程至少9年(OR=3.305;95%CI:1.823,5.993;P<0.001)进一步增加了糖尿病肾病的风险。没有证据表明幽门螺杆菌感染与视网膜病变有关，神经病,或外周血管疾病。
结论：我们对T2D患者的研究表明，幽门螺杆菌感染的患者患肾病的风险增加，这种风险在高血压患者中更大，HbA1c水平为8%或更高，和9年以上的糖尿病持续时间。
方法：这项单中心回顾性研究检查了在2016年1月至2021年12月期间接受幽门螺杆菌检测的T2D患者。采用Logistic回归分析评价H.pylori感染与糖尿病4种主要并发症的相关性。
结果：我们检查了960例T2D患者，其中481例(50.1%)幽门螺杆菌阳性。幽门螺杆菌感染与糖尿病肾病显著相关(比值比[OR]=1.462;95%置信区间[CI]:1.006,2.126;P=0.046)。此外,幽门螺杆菌阳性与高血压并存(OR=4.451;95%CI:2.351,8.427;P<0.001),糖化血红蛋白A1c（HbA1c）至少为8％（OR=2.925;95％CI：1.54,5.541;P=0.001），糖尿病病程至少9年(OR=3.305;95%CI:1.823,5.993;P<0.001)进一步增加了糖尿病肾病的风险。没有证据表明幽门螺杆菌感染与视网膜病变有关，神经病,或外周血管疾病。
结论：我们对T2D患者的研究表明，幽门螺杆菌感染的患者患肾病的风险增加，这种风险在高血压患者中更大，HbA1c水平为8%或更高，和9年以上的糖尿病持续时间。
