PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The human head can sometimes experience impact loads that result in skull fractures or other injuries, leading to the need for a craniectomy. Cranioplasty is a procedure that involves replacing the removed portion with either autologous bone or alloplastic material. While titanium has traditionally been the preferred material for cranial implants due to its excellent properties and biocompatibility, its limitations have prompted the search for alternative materials. This research aimed to explore alternative materials to titanium for cranial implants in order to address the limitations of titanium implants and improve the performance of the cranioplasty process. A 3D model of a defective skull was reconstructed with a cranial implant, and the implant was simulated using various stiff and soft materials (such as alumina, zirconia, hydroxyapatite, zirconia-reinforced PMMA, and PMMA) as alternatives to titanium under 2000N impact forces. Alumina and zirconia implants were found to reduce stresses and strains on the skull and brain compared to titanium implants. However, PMMA implants showed potential for causing skull damage under current loading conditions. Additionally, PMMA and hydroxyapatite implants were prone to fracture. Despite these findings, none of the implants exceeded the limits for tensile and compressive stresses and strains on the brain. Zirconia-reinforced PMMA implants were also shown to reduce stresses and strains on the skull and brain compared to PMMA implants. Alumina and zirconia show promise as alternatives to titanium for the production of cranial implants. The use of alternative implant materials to titanium has the potential to enhance the success of cranial reconstruction by overcoming the limitations associated with titanium implants.
摘要：
人的头部有时会经历冲击载荷，导致颅骨骨折或其他伤害，导致需要开颅手术.颅骨成形术是涉及用自体骨或同种异体材料替换移除部分的程序。虽然钛由于其优异的性能和生物相容性而传统上是颅骨植入物的首选材料，它的局限性促使人们寻找替代材料。这项研究旨在探索钛的替代材料用于颅骨植入物，以解决钛植入物的局限性并改善颅骨成形术过程的性能。用颅骨植入物重建了一个有缺陷的头骨的3D模型，并且使用各种坚硬和柔软的材料（例如氧化铝，氧化锆,羟基磷灰石,氧化锆增强PMMA,和PMMA）在2000N冲击力下作为钛的替代品。与钛植入物相比，发现氧化铝和氧化锆植入物可减少颅骨和大脑的应力和应变。然而,PMMA植入物显示出在当前负载条件下可能导致颅骨损伤。此外,PMMA和羟基磷灰石植入物容易骨折。尽管有这些发现,所有植入物均未超出大脑的拉伸和压缩应力以及应变的极限。与PMMA植入物相比，氧化锆增强的PMMA植入物还显示出减少颅骨和大脑上的应力和应变。氧化铝和氧化锆有望作为钛的替代品用于生产颅骨植入物。钛的替代植入材料的使用具有通过克服与钛植入物相关的限制来增强颅骨重建的成功的潜力。
