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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) pose a substantial public health concern, ranking among the primary contributors to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, impacting around 5-10% of pregnancies. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HDP and its associated factors among mothers aged 15-49 who recently gave birth within the last two years, throughout Malaysia, informing effective public health and primary care interventions.
METHODS: This study was a part of the national survey on maternal and child health (MCH) also known as the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2022: MCH. This was a cross-sectional study using two stage stratified random sampling design. Data of mothers aged 15-49 years old who recently gave birth within the last two years were selected in this study. This survey utilised a set of structured validated questionnaires administered via face-to-face interviews (using a mobile device). Multiple logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the associated factors for hypertension.
RESULTS: Among 6 335 participants recruited for this study with an estimated population of 782, 550, the prevalence of HDP among Malaysian mothers aged 15-49 years old who recently gave birth within the last two years was 6.5% (95% CI: 5.76, 7.37). Multiple logistic regression showed that maternal age and ethnicity were significantly associated with hypertension. Advanced maternal age had higher odds of hypertension, with an aOR of 2.18 (95% CI = 1.75, 2.71). In addition, Other Bumiputera had higher odds of hypertension (aOR = 2.71, 95% CI = 1.25, 5.87).
CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals the prevalence of HDP among Malaysian women with children under 2 years old, emphasizing advanced maternal age (above 35) and ethnicity as notable risk factors. It improves understanding of the epidemiology of HDP in Malaysia, offering valuable insights for the development of effective public health strategies and clinical interventions that can help with the control of HDP.
METHODS: This study was a part of the national survey on maternal and child health (MCH) also known as the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2022: MCH. This was a cross-sectional study using two stage stratified random sampling design. Data of mothers aged 15-49 years old who recently gave birth within the last two years were selected in this study. This survey utilised a set of structured validated questionnaires administered via face-to-face interviews (using a mobile device). Multiple logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the associated factors for hypertension.
RESULTS: Among 6 335 participants recruited for this study with an estimated population of 782, 550, the prevalence of HDP among Malaysian mothers aged 15-49 years old who recently gave birth within the last two years was 6.5% (95% CI: 5.76, 7.37). Multiple logistic regression showed that maternal age and ethnicity were significantly associated with hypertension. Advanced maternal age had higher odds of hypertension, with an aOR of 2.18 (95% CI = 1.75, 2.71). In addition, Other Bumiputera had higher odds of hypertension (aOR = 2.71, 95% CI = 1.25, 5.87).
CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals the prevalence of HDP among Malaysian women with children under 2 years old, emphasizing advanced maternal age (above 35) and ethnicity as notable risk factors. It improves understanding of the epidemiology of HDP in Malaysia, offering valuable insights for the development of effective public health strategies and clinical interventions that can help with the control of HDP.
摘要：
背景：妊娠期高血压疾病（HDP）引起了重大的公共卫生问题，在孕产妇和围产期发病率和死亡率的主要贡献者中排名，影响大约5-10%的怀孕。这项研究旨在确定在过去两年内最近分娩的15-49岁母亲中HDP的患病率及其相关因素。在整个马来西亚,告知有效的公共卫生和初级保健干预措施。
方法：这项研究是全国母婴健康调查（MCH）的一部分，也称为2022年全国健康和发病率调查（NHMS）：MCH。这是一项采用两阶段分层随机抽样设计的横断面研究。本研究选择了最近两年内分娩的15-49岁母亲的数据。这项调查利用了一组通过面对面访谈（使用移动设备）进行的结构化验证问卷。采用多因素logistic回归分析确定高血压的相关因素。
结果：在本研究招募的6335名参与者中，估计人口为782,550，最近两年内分娩的15-49岁马来西亚母亲中HDP的患病率为6.5％（95％CI：5.76，7.37）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，母亲年龄和种族与高血压显著相关。高龄产妇患高血压的几率更高，aOR为2.18（95%CI=1.75，2.71）。此外,其他Bumiputera患高血压的几率较高（aOR=2.71，95％CI=1.25，5.87）。
结论：这项研究揭示了有2岁以下儿童的马来西亚妇女中HDP的患病率，强调高龄产妇年龄(35岁以上)和种族是显著的危险因素。它提高了对马来西亚HDP流行病学的了解，为制定有效的公共卫生策略和临床干预措施提供有价值的见解，这些策略和干预措施可以帮助控制HDP。
方法：这项研究是全国母婴健康调查（MCH）的一部分，也称为2022年全国健康和发病率调查（NHMS）：MCH。这是一项采用两阶段分层随机抽样设计的横断面研究。本研究选择了最近两年内分娩的15-49岁母亲的数据。这项调查利用了一组通过面对面访谈（使用移动设备）进行的结构化验证问卷。采用多因素logistic回归分析确定高血压的相关因素。
结果：在本研究招募的6335名参与者中，估计人口为782,550，最近两年内分娩的15-49岁马来西亚母亲中HDP的患病率为6.5％（95％CI：5.76，7.37）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，母亲年龄和种族与高血压显著相关。高龄产妇患高血压的几率更高，aOR为2.18（95%CI=1.75，2.71）。此外,其他Bumiputera患高血压的几率较高（aOR=2.71，95％CI=1.25，5.87）。
结论：这项研究揭示了有2岁以下儿童的马来西亚妇女中HDP的患病率，强调高龄产妇年龄(35岁以上)和种族是显著的危险因素。它提高了对马来西亚HDP流行病学的了解，为制定有效的公共卫生策略和临床干预措施提供有价值的见解，这些策略和干预措施可以帮助控制HDP。
