Abstract：
Apigenin, a dietary flavonoid, has gained increasing attention for its potential therapeutic applications in radiation protection and radiosensitization. Ionizing radiation (IR) can harm healthy cells, but as radiotherapy remains crucial in cancer treatment. Owing to the remarkable application of radiotherapy in the treatment of cancers, it is vital to protect healthy cells from radiation hazards while increasing the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiation. This article reviews the current understanding of apigenin\'s radioprotective and radiosensitive properties with a focuses on the involved signaling pathways and key molecular targets. When exposed to irradiation, apigenin reduces inflammation via cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition and modulates proapoptotic and antiapoptotic biomarkers. Apigenin\'s radical scavenging abilities and antioxidant enhancement mitigate oxidative DNA damage. It inhibits radiation-induced mammalian target of rapamycin activation, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP), and STAT3 expression, while promoting AMPK, autophagy, and apoptosis, suggesting potential in cancer prevention. As a radiosensitizer, apigenin inhibits tumor growth by inducing apoptosis, suppressing VEGF-C, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and STAT3, reducing MMP-2/9 activity, and inhibiting cancer cell glucose uptake. Cellular and animal studies support apigenin\'s radioprotective and anticancer potential, making it a potential candidate for further research. Investigation into apigenin\'s therapeutic efficacy in diverse cancer types and radiation damage is essential.
摘要：
芹菜素,一种膳食类黄酮，因其在辐射防护和放射增敏方面的潜在治疗应用而受到越来越多的关注。电离辐射（IR）会伤害健康细胞，但由于放疗在癌症治疗中仍然至关重要。由于放射治疗在癌症治疗中的显著应用,保护健康细胞免受辐射危害，同时增加癌细胞对辐射的敏感性。本文综述了当前对芹菜素辐射防护和辐射敏感性的认识,重点介绍了芹菜素涉及的信号通路和关键分子靶点。当暴露于辐射时，芹菜素通过抑制环氧合酶-2减少炎症,并调节促凋亡和抗凋亡生物标志物.芹菜素的自由基清除能力和抗氧化增强作用减轻了DNA的氧化损伤。它抑制辐射诱导的哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶激活，血管内皮生长因子（VEGF），基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP),和STAT3表达式，在推广AMPK的同时,自噬,和细胞凋亡，提示癌症预防的潜力。作为放射增敏剂,芹菜素通过诱导细胞凋亡抑制肿瘤生长，抑制VEGF-C，肿瘤坏死因子α,和STAT3，降低MMP-2/9活性，抑制癌细胞葡萄糖的摄取。细胞和动物研究支持芹菜素的辐射防护和抗癌潜力，使其成为进一步研究的潜在候选人。研究芹菜素在不同癌症类型和辐射损伤中的治疗效果至关重要。
