Abstract：
Impacted by large-scale and rapid rural industrialization in the past few decades, China\'s rural settlements are confronted with the risk of heavy metal pollution stemming from industrial production, which might pose a significant threat to the rural habitat and the well-beings. This study devised a relative risk model for industrial heavy metal pollution to the rural settlements based on the source-pathway-receptor risk theory. Using this model, we assessed the risk magnitudes of heavy metal pollution from industrial production at a 10 km × 10 km grid scale and identified the characteristics of the risk pattern in China. Our finding reveals: (1) the relative risk values of wastewater, waste gas and total heavy metal pollution are notably concentrated within a confined spectrum, with only a small number of units are characterized by high-risk level; (2) Approximately 21.57 % of China\'s rural settlements contend with heavy metal pollution, with 4.17 %, 9.84 % and 7.55 % being subjected to high, medium and low risks, respectively; (3) The high-risk units mainly is concentrated in the developed areas such as Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and the Beijing-Tianjin metropolitan area, also dispersed in the plain areas with high rural population density. Guided by these insights, this study puts forth regionally tailored prevention and control strategies, as well as distinct process prevention and control strategies.
摘要：
受过去几十年农村大规模快速工业化的影响,中国农村居民点面临着工业生产产生的重金属污染风险,这可能对农村栖息地和居民构成重大威胁。本研究基于源-途径-受体风险理论，设计了工业重金属污染对农村居民点的相对风险模型。使用这个模型，我们在10km×10km网格尺度上评估了工业生产中重金属污染的风险大小，并确定了中国风险模式的特征。我们的发现揭示了：(1)废水的相对风险值，废气和总重金属污染明显集中在有限的光谱内，只有少数单位具有高风险水平的特点；(2)中国约21.57%的农村居民点面临重金属污染，4.17%，9.84%和7.55%处于高位，中低风险，(3)高风险单位主要集中在长三角等发达地区,珠江三角洲,和京津都市圈，也分散在农村人口密度高的平原地区。在这些见解的指导下，这项研究提出了区域定制的预防和控制策略，以及独特的过程预防和控制策略。
