Abstract：
Annually, 8.3 million tonnes of mismanaged plastic waste enter oceans, prompting the food packaging industry, a major contributor, to minimize its environmental footprint. Within the seafood sector, a nascent number of studies are exploring the impacts of various packaging solutions for distribution, yet clear insights remain elusive. This study tries to fill the gap by comparing the impacts of two seafood packaging options: disposable expandable polystyrene (EPS) boxes and, for the first time, reusable plastic crates (RPC) crafted from high-density polyethylene. Using the life cycle assessment methodology with a \'cradle to grave\' approach, the research evaluates the distribution of 1260,000 t of fish from port of Vigo (Spain) to various markets. Similar climate change values emerge in local (5.00·107 kg CO2 eq.) and regional trade (1.20·108 kg CO2 eq.) for both options, but RPCs exhibit around a 12 % increase (6.15·108 kg CO2 eq.) during national distribution, emphasizing package weight and load significance. The findings across all impact categories exhibited general consistent trends. The sensitivity analysis suggests relocating washing facilities to port could enhance RPCs´ environmental benefits for transport within a 160 km range. These findings underscore reusable packaging\'s potential as an eco-friendlier alternative in specific contexts, aligning with heightened environmental concerns and regulatory pressures surrounding plastic usage.
摘要：
每年,830万吨管理不善的塑料垃圾进入海洋，促使食品包装行业，一个主要的贡献者，尽量减少其环境足迹。在海鲜行业，大量的研究正在探索各种包装解决方案对分销的影响，然而，清晰的见解仍然难以捉摸。这项研究试图通过比较两种海鲜包装选择的影响来填补空白：一次性可膨胀聚苯乙烯（EPS）盒和，第一次,可重复使用的塑料板条箱（RPC）由高密度聚乙烯制成。使用“从摇篮到坟墓”的生命周期评估方法，该研究评估了从比戈港(西班牙)到各个市场的126万吨鱼类的分布情况。当地出现了类似的气候变化值（5.00·107kgCO2当量。)和区域贸易(1.20·108千克二氧化碳当量。)对于这两种选择，但RPC增加了约12%(6.15·108千克二氧化碳当量。)在全国发行期间，强调包装重量和负载的重要性。所有影响类别的调查结果都表现出总体一致的趋势。敏感性分析表明，将洗涤设施迁移到港口可以增强RPC在160公里范围内运输的环境效益。这些发现强调了可重复使用包装在特定环境下作为生态友好替代品的潜力，与围绕塑料使用的环境问题和监管压力保持一致。
