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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: International frontal sinus anatomy classification (IFAC) was introduced in 2016 to standardize the nomenclature of the cells in the frontal recess region, facilitate better communication between surgeons and precision in surgical planning, and improve surgical teaching. This study aims to estimate the radiological prevalence of the different frontal recess cells according to the IFAC and to evaluate the relationship of these cells with the frontal sinus opacification in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.
METHODS: In this study, 90 participants diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) who underwent computed tomogram (CT) of the para nasal sinuses were enrolled consecutively. The CT images were were studied in detail using RadiAnt DICOM viewer. The frontal recess cells were grouped as per the IFAC guidelines and their respective prevalence was calculated. The frontal recess cells were grouped as per the Opacification or mucosal thickening within these cells and the frontal sinuses were noted. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate the association between frontal sinus opacification and presence of various IFAC cells.
RESULTS: A total of 640 IFAC cells were documented in 180 sides, of which 326 were anterior cells, 263 were posterior cells and 51 were medial cells. The most prevalent cell was the agger nasi cells(ANC), present in 91.7% of 180 sides, the supra agger nasi cells(SANC), Supra agger nasi frontal cells(SAFC), supra bulla cells(SBC), supra bulla frontal cells(SBFC), supra orbital ethmoidal cells(SOEC) and frontal septal cells(FSC) were present in 47.8%,37.8%, 65.6%,28.9%, 51.1% and 28.3% respectively. There was no significant association of presence of IFAC cells and frontal sinus opacification except for SBFC(p = 0.038). A significantly higher number of diseased frontal recess cells were seen with involved frontal sinuses when compared with non-involved frontal sinuses across all types of IFAC cells.
CONCLUSIONS: The ANC were the most prevalent among all the IFAC cells and the FSC were the least prevalent. There was no significant association with the presence of different types of IFAC cells and frontal sinus opacification except for SBFC. However, there was a significantly higher number of diseased IFAC cells associated with frontal sinus opacification than in those without frontal sinus opacification.
METHODS: In this study, 90 participants diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) who underwent computed tomogram (CT) of the para nasal sinuses were enrolled consecutively. The CT images were were studied in detail using RadiAnt DICOM viewer. The frontal recess cells were grouped as per the IFAC guidelines and their respective prevalence was calculated. The frontal recess cells were grouped as per the Opacification or mucosal thickening within these cells and the frontal sinuses were noted. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate the association between frontal sinus opacification and presence of various IFAC cells.
RESULTS: A total of 640 IFAC cells were documented in 180 sides, of which 326 were anterior cells, 263 were posterior cells and 51 were medial cells. The most prevalent cell was the agger nasi cells(ANC), present in 91.7% of 180 sides, the supra agger nasi cells(SANC), Supra agger nasi frontal cells(SAFC), supra bulla cells(SBC), supra bulla frontal cells(SBFC), supra orbital ethmoidal cells(SOEC) and frontal septal cells(FSC) were present in 47.8%,37.8%, 65.6%,28.9%, 51.1% and 28.3% respectively. There was no significant association of presence of IFAC cells and frontal sinus opacification except for SBFC(p = 0.038). A significantly higher number of diseased frontal recess cells were seen with involved frontal sinuses when compared with non-involved frontal sinuses across all types of IFAC cells.
CONCLUSIONS: The ANC were the most prevalent among all the IFAC cells and the FSC were the least prevalent. There was no significant association with the presence of different types of IFAC cells and frontal sinus opacification except for SBFC. However, there was a significantly higher number of diseased IFAC cells associated with frontal sinus opacification than in those without frontal sinus opacification.
摘要：
背景：2016年引入了国际额窦解剖分类（IFAC），以标准化额隐窝区域细胞的命名法，促进外科医生之间更好的沟通和手术计划的精确性，提高外科教学水平。本研究旨在根据IFAC估计不同额隐窝细胞的放射学患病率，并评估这些细胞与慢性鼻窦炎患者额窦混浊的关系。
方法：在本研究中，连续纳入90例被诊断为慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）并接受鼻窦旁计算机断层扫描（CT）检查的参与者。使用RadiAntDICOM查看器对CT图像进行了详细研究。根据IFAC指南对额隐窝细胞进行分组，并计算其各自的患病率。根据这些细胞内的混浊或粘膜增厚对额隐窝细胞进行分组，并注意额窦。进行了多变量逻辑回归分析，以评估额窦混浊与各种IFAC细胞的存在之间的关联。
结果：共记录了180面的640个IFAC细胞，其中326个是前细胞，263个是后部细胞，51个是内侧细胞。最普遍的细胞是aggernasi细胞（ANC），在180面的91.7%中，超阿格纳西细胞（SANC），鼻甲上额叶细胞（SAFC），上大疱细胞（SBC），上大疱额叶细胞（SBFC），眶上筛细胞（SOEC）和额间隔细胞（FSC）占47.8％，37.8%,65.6%,28.9%,分别为51.1%和28.3%。除SBFC外，IFAC细胞的存在与额窦混浊没有显着关联（p=0.038）。在所有类型的IFAC细胞中，与未受累的额窦相比，受累的额窦可见患病的额隐窝细胞数量明显更高。
结论：在所有IFAC细胞中，ANC是最普遍的，而FSC是最不普遍的。除SBFC外，与不同类型的IFAC细胞的存在和额窦混浊没有显着关联。然而,与没有额窦混浊的患者相比,与额窦混浊相关的患病IFAC细胞数量明显更高.
方法：在本研究中，连续纳入90例被诊断为慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）并接受鼻窦旁计算机断层扫描（CT）检查的参与者。使用RadiAntDICOM查看器对CT图像进行了详细研究。根据IFAC指南对额隐窝细胞进行分组，并计算其各自的患病率。根据这些细胞内的混浊或粘膜增厚对额隐窝细胞进行分组，并注意额窦。进行了多变量逻辑回归分析，以评估额窦混浊与各种IFAC细胞的存在之间的关联。
结果：共记录了180面的640个IFAC细胞，其中326个是前细胞，263个是后部细胞，51个是内侧细胞。最普遍的细胞是aggernasi细胞（ANC），在180面的91.7%中，超阿格纳西细胞（SANC），鼻甲上额叶细胞（SAFC），上大疱细胞（SBC），上大疱额叶细胞（SBFC），眶上筛细胞（SOEC）和额间隔细胞（FSC）占47.8％，37.8%,65.6%,28.9%,分别为51.1%和28.3%。除SBFC外，IFAC细胞的存在与额窦混浊没有显着关联（p=0.038）。在所有类型的IFAC细胞中，与未受累的额窦相比，受累的额窦可见患病的额隐窝细胞数量明显更高。
结论：在所有IFAC细胞中，ANC是最普遍的，而FSC是最不普遍的。除SBFC外，与不同类型的IFAC细胞的存在和额窦混浊没有显着关联。然而,与没有额窦混浊的患者相比,与额窦混浊相关的患病IFAC细胞数量明显更高.
