Abstract：
Despite the growing support for the multiple developmental pathways to phenotypic callous-unemotional (CU) traits (i.e., primary, and secondary CU variants), there remains limited research on childhood manifestations of CU variants in non-Western, community samples. Using a latent profile analysis with data sourced from the longitudinal, nationwide Korean sample (N = 1597, 48.7% girls), we discerned heterogeneous groups of children, based on externalizing problems, CU traits, and emotional reactivity level. The optimal five-profile solution identified distinct subgroups: low-risk, primary CU (characterized by low emotional reactivity and externalizing problem), reactive (low CU/moderate emotion reactivity and externalizing problem), and two secondary CU groups (i.e., secondary-high CU and secondary-moderate CU; both high in emotional reactivity and externalizing problems). The two secondary CU variants demonstrated differences from the primary CU variants, in that both are high in preschool externalizing problems (age 6) and school-age conduct problems (age 11). However, the secondary-moderate CU group displayed greater levels of anxiety at age 11 compared to secondary-high CU, indicating divergent developmental trajectories of secondary CU variants. These findings expand our understanding of CU variants among Korean preschoolers and highlight the role of emotional reactivity in distinguishing such subtypes and identifying their developmental outcomes across time.
摘要：
尽管越来越多的人支持表型冷酷无情(CU)性状的多种发育途径(即，小学,和二级CU变体)，关于非西方CU变异的儿童表现的研究仍然有限，社区样本。使用来自纵向数据的潜在剖面分析，全国韩国样本(N=1597，48.7%女孩)，我们发现了不同的儿童群体，基于外部化问题，CU特征，和情绪反应水平。最佳的五方案解决方案确定了不同的亚组：低风险，初级CU(以情绪反应性低和外化问题为特征)，反应性(低CU/中等情绪反应性和外化问题)，和两个二级CU组(即，中等高CU和中等中等CU；情绪反应性高和外化问题都很高）。两个次要CU变体显示出与主要CU变体的差异，因为这两者在学前外部化问题(6岁)和学龄行为问题(11岁)方面都很高。然而,与中等高CU相比，中等-中等CU组11岁时表现出更高的焦虑水平，指示次级CU变体的不同发育轨迹。这些发现扩大了我们对韩国学龄前儿童CU变异的理解，并强调了情绪反应在区分此类亚型和识别其随时间发展结果中的作用。
