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Abstract：
This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and risk factors associated with refeeding syndrome (RFS) in preterm infants (≤32 weeks gestational age) during their first week of life. Infants (gestational age ≤ 32 weeks; birth weight < 1500 g) who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), level III, and received parenteral nutrition between January 2015 and April 2024 were retrospectively evaluated. Modified log-Poisson regression with generalized linear models and a robust variance estimator was applied to adjust the relative risk of risk factors. Of the 760 infants identified, 289 (38%) developed RFS. In the multivariable regression analysis, male, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), and sodium phosphate significantly affected RFS. Male infants had significantly increased RFS risk (aRR1.31; 95% CI 1.08-1.59). The RFS risk was significantly higher in infants with IVH (aRR 1.71; 95% CI 1.27-2.13). However, infants who received higher sodium phosphate in their first week of life had significantly lower RFS risk (aRR 0.67; 95% 0.47-0.98). This study revealed a notable incidence of RFS among preterm infants aged ≤32 gestational weeks, with sex, IVH, and low sodium phosphate as significant risk factors. Refined RFS diagnostic criteria and targeted interventions are needed for optimal management.
摘要：
这项研究旨在评估早产儿（≤32周孕龄）在其出生后第一周与再喂养综合征（RFS）相关的发生率和危险因素。入住新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的婴儿（胎龄≤32周；出生体重<1500g），第三级,对2015年1月至2024年4月期间接受肠外营养的患者进行了回顾性评估.采用广义线性模型和稳健方差估计的改进对数-泊松回归来调整风险因素的相对风险。在确定的760名婴儿中，289（38%）开发了RFS。在多元回归分析中，男性,脑室内出血（IVH），和磷酸钠显著影响RFS。男性婴儿的RFS风险显着增加（aRR1.31;95％CI1.08-1.59）。IVH婴儿的RFS风险明显更高（aRR1.71；95％CI1.27-2.13）。然而,出生后第一周接受较高磷酸钠的婴儿RFS风险显著降低(aRR0.67;95%0.47~0.98).这项研究揭示了RFS在≤32孕周的早产儿中的显著发生率。关于性，IVH,和低磷酸钠是显著的危险因素。优化管理需要完善的RFS诊断标准和有针对性的干预措施。
