PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Background: Almost by default, young adult students are at increased risk of suffering from mental health issues, and this holds particularly true for medical students. Indeed, compared to the general population and non-medical students, medical students report higher scores for symptoms of depression. For Swiss medical students, research on the associations between psychiatric characteristics and symptoms of depression and insomnia, including cognitive-emotional processes and social activity, has been lacking so far. Given this, the aims of the present study were to relate self-declared psychiatric characteristics to symptoms of depression, insomnia, emotion regulation, and social activity. Methods: A total of 575 medical students (mean age: 22.4 years; 68.9% females) completed an online survey covering sociodemographic information (age and gender), study context (year of study), self-declared psychiatric characteristics and symptoms of depression, insomnia, emotion regulation (cognitive reappraisal vs. emotion suppression), and social activity. Data on insomnia sum scores and categories of historical samples (862 non-medical students and 533 police and emergency response service officers) were used for comparison. Results: Of the 575 participants, 190 participants (33%) self-declared psychiatric issues, such as major depressive disorder; anxiety disorders, including PTSD and adjustment disorders; eating disorders; ADHD; or a combination of such psychiatric issues. Self-reporting a psychiatric issue was related to higher symptoms of depression and insomnia and lower symptoms of social activity and cognitive reappraisal (always with significant p-values and medium effect sizes). Compared to historical data for non-medical students and police and emergency response service officers, medical students reported higher insomnia scores. In a regression model, current self-declared psychiatric issues, female gender, higher scores for insomnia, and lower scores for social activity were associated with higher scores for depression. Conclusions: Among a sample of Swiss medical students, the occurrence of self-declared psychiatric issues was associated with higher scores for depression and insomnia and lower cognitive reappraisal and social activity. Further, insomnia scores and insomnia categories were higher when compared to non-medical students and to police and emergency response service officers. The data suggest that medical schools might introduce specifically tailored intervention and support programs to mitigate medical students\' mental health issues. This holds particularly true for insomnia, as standardized and online-delivered treatment programs for insomnia (eCBTi) are available.
摘要：
背景：几乎默认情况下，年轻的成年学生患心理健康问题的风险增加，这对医学生来说尤其如此。的确,与普通人群和非医学生相比，医学生的抑郁症状得分较高。对于瑞士医学生来说，研究精神特征与抑郁症和失眠症状之间的关系，包括认知情绪过程和社会活动，到目前为止一直缺乏。鉴于此,本研究的目的是将自我宣称的精神特征与抑郁症状联系起来，失眠,情绪调节,和社会活动。方法：共有575名医学生（平均年龄：22.4岁；68.9％的女性）完成了一项涵盖社会人口统计信息（年龄和性别）的在线调查，学习背景(学习年份)，自我宣称的精神特征和抑郁症的症状，失眠,情绪调节(认知重评与情绪抑制)，和社会活动。使用有关失眠总分和历史样本类别（862名非医学生和533名警察和应急服务人员）的数据进行比较。结果：在575名参与者中，190名参与者（33%）自我申报精神病，如重度抑郁症；焦虑症，包括创伤后应激障碍和适应障碍;饮食失调;多动症;或这些精神问题的组合。自我报告精神问题与抑郁症和失眠的较高症状以及社交活动和认知重新评估的较低症状有关（始终具有显着的p值和中等效应大小）。与非医学生以及警察和应急服务人员的历史数据相比，医学生报告失眠得分较高。在回归模型中，目前自我宣称的精神问题，女性性别,失眠的分数更高，较低的社交活动分数与较高的抑郁分数相关。结论：在瑞士医学生的样本中，自述精神问题的发生与抑郁和失眠得分较高以及认知重评和社交活动较低相关.Further,与非医学生以及警察和应急服务人员相比，失眠得分和失眠类别更高。数据表明，医学院可能会引入专门定制的干预和支持计划，以减轻医学生的心理健康问题。对于失眠尤其如此，因为标准化和在线提供的失眠治疗计划（eCBTi）是可用的。
