PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The combination of no-till farming and green manure is key to nourishing the soil and increasing crop yields. However, it remains unclear how to enhance the efficiency of green manure under no-till conditions. We conducted a two-factor field trial of silage maize rotated with hairy vetch to test the effects of tillage methods and returning. Factor 1 is the type of tillage, which is divided into conventional ploughing and no-tillage; factor 2 is the different ways of returning hairy vetch as green manure, which were also compared: no return (NM), stubble return (H), mulching (HM), turnover (HR, for CT only), and live coverage (LM, for NT only). Our findings indicate that different methods of returning hairy vetch to the field will improve maize yield and quality. The best results were obtained in CT and NT in HM and LM, respectively. Specifically, HM resulted in the highest dry matter quality and yield, with improvements of 35.4% and 31.9% over NM under CT, respectively. It also demonstrated the best economic and net energy performance. However, other treatments had no significant effect on the beneficial utilization and return of nutrients. The LM improved yields under NT by boosting soil enzyme activity, promoting nitrogen transformation and accumulation, and increasing nitrogen use efficiency for better kernel development. Overall, NTLM is best at utilizing and distributing soil nutrients and increasing silage maize yield. This finding supports the eco-efficient cultivation approach in silage maize production in the region.
摘要：
免耕农业和绿肥的结合是滋养土壤和增加作物产量的关键。然而,目前尚不清楚如何在免耕条件下提高绿肥的效率。我们对青贮玉米进行了两因素田间试验，以测试耕作方法和还田的效果。因素1是耕作的类型，分为常规耕作和免耕；因素2是将绿肥作为绿肥返回的不同方式，还进行了比较：无回报(NM)，留茬（H），覆盖（HM），营业额（HR，仅适用于CT)，和现场报道(LM，仅适用于NT）。我们的发现表明，不同的方法将紫云杉还田将提高玉米的产量和品质。在HM和LM的CT和NT中获得了最好的结果，分别。具体来说,HM导致最高的干物质质量和产量，CT比NM提高了35.4%和31.9%，分别。它还展示了最佳的经济和净能源表现。然而,其他处理对营养的有益利用和返回没有显著影响。LM通过提高土壤酶活性提高了NT下的产量，促进氮素转化和积累，并提高氮的利用效率，以更好地开发内核。总的来说,NTLM最适合利用和分配土壤养分并提高青贮玉米产量。这一发现支持了该地区青贮玉米生产中的生态高效栽培方法。
