PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Heat stress represents a significant environmental challenge that adversely impacts the growth, physiology, and productivity of wheat. In order to determine the response to high temperatures of the wheat varieties developed mostly in the Pannonian environmental zone, as well as varietal differences, we subjected seven varieties from Serbia, one from Australia, and one from the UK to thermal stress during anthesis and mid-grain filling and combined stress during both of these periods. The changes in chlorophyll fluorescence and index, leaf temperature, and main agronomic traits of nine winter wheat varieties were investigated under high temperatures. Heat stress negatively affected leaf temperature, chlorophyll fluorescence, and the chlorophyll index during different growth stages. Compared to the control, stress at anthesis, mid-grain filling, and combined stress resulted in yield reductions of 32%, 46%, and 59%, respectively. Single treatment at anthesis had a more severe effect on the number of grains per plant, causing a 38% reduction compared to the control. Moreover, single treatment during mid-grain filling resulted in the greatest decline in grain weight, with a 29% reduction compared to the control. There was a significant varietal variation in heat tolerance, highlighting Avangarda and NS 40s as the most tolerant varieties that should be included in regular breeding programs as valuable sources of heat tolerance. Understanding the genetic and physiological mechanisms of heat tolerance in these promising varieties should be the primary focus of future research and help develop targeted breeding strategies and agronomic practices to mitigate the adverse effects of heat stress on wheat production.
摘要：
热应力代表了一个重大的环境挑战，对生长产生不利影响，生理学,和小麦的生产力。为了确定主要在Pannonian环境区开发的小麦品种对高温的响应，以及品种差异，我们接受了来自塞尔维亚的七个品种，一个来自澳大利亚,和一个来自英国的热应力在开花期和中期灌浆和组合应力在这两个时期。叶绿素荧光和指标的变化,叶片温度,对9个冬小麦品种在高温条件下的主要农艺性状进行了研究。热胁迫对叶片温度有负面影响，叶绿素荧光，不同生长阶段的叶绿素指数。与对照相比，在开花期的应力，中粒灌浆，联合胁迫导致产量下降32%，46%,59%,分别。花期的单一处理对每株植物的谷粒数量有更严重的影响，与对照组相比减少了38%。此外，籽粒灌浆中期单一处理导致粒重下降最大，与对照相比减少29%。耐热性有显著的品种差异，强调Avangarda和NS40s是最耐受的品种，应包括在常规育种计划中作为有价值的耐热性来源。了解这些有前途的品种耐热性的遗传和生理机制应成为未来研究的主要重点，并有助于制定有针对性的育种策略和农艺实践，以减轻热胁迫对小麦生产的不利影响。
