PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The objective of the present study was to analyze the genetic diversity, individual-based assessment of population structure, and admixture in the Dülmen wild horse population in comparison to warmblood, coldblood, and primitive horse populations. The Dülmen wild horse is kept as a unique horse population in the Merfelder Bruch near Dülmen in Westphalia, Germany, and since 1856 has been managed by the Dukes of Croÿ. The Dülmen wild horse population is exposed to the natural conditions of the Merfelder Bruch all year round without human interventions for feeding and veterinary care. In the present study, genetic diversity was estimated for 101 Dülmen wild horses using multilocus genotypic information from a set of 29 autosomal microsatellites and compared with 587 horses from 17 different horse populations. Dülmen wild horses maintained a high degree of genetic diversity, with an average observed heterozygosity of 0.68, a mean number of 6.17 alleles, and heterozygote deficit of -0.035. Pairwise genetic distances (FST, Nei\'s standard, and Cavalli-Sforza distances) were closest to German coldblood breeds, Polish Konik, and Icelandic horses and most divergent from Sorraia and Przewalski\'s horses. Neighbor joining dendrogram and PCA plots showed a clear distinction of Dülmen wild horses from other populations, particularly from Przewalski horses. Posterior Bayesian analysis confirmed clear differentiation from other horse populations without an admixture pattern and a high membership index (0.92). It was possible to distinguish Dülmen wild horses from Dülmen and Polish Konik horses. In conclusion, Dülmen wild horses show a notable separation from other German horse breeds and primitive horse populations and may serve as a resource to study evolution of equine domestication.
摘要：
本研究的目的是分析遗传多样性，基于个体的人口结构评估，与温血相比，杜尔曼野马种群中的混合物，冷血,和原始的马种群。Dülmen野马是威斯特伐利亚Dülmen附近的MerfelderBruch的独特马群，德国,自1856年以来一直由克罗斯公爵管理。Dülmen野马种群全年都处于MerfelderBruch的自然条件下，没有人为干预喂养和兽医护理。在本研究中,使用来自一组29个常染色体微卫星的多位点基因型信息，估计了101匹Dülmen野马的遗传多样性，并与来自17个不同马种群的587匹马进行了比较。Dülmen野马保持了高度的遗传多样性，平均观察到的杂合度为0.68，平均为6.17个等位基因，和-0.035的杂合子赤字。成对遗传距离（FST，Nei\'sstandard,和Cavalli-Sforza距离）最接近德国冷血品种，波兰Konik,和冰岛马，与Sorraia和Przewalski的马最不同。加入树状图和PCA图的邻居显示出杜尔曼野马与其他种群的明显区别，特别是普氏马匹。后验贝叶斯分析证实了与其他马种群的明显区别，没有混合模式和高隶属指数（0.92）。可以将Dülmen野马与Dülmen和波兰Konik马区分开。总之,Dülmen野马与其他德国马品种和原始马种群显着分离，可以作为研究马驯化进化的资源。
