PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The addition of glycerin, vitamin C, and niacinamide to pig diets increased the redness of longissimus dorsi; however, it remains unclear how these supplements affect gut microbiota and metabolites. A total of 84 piglets (20.35 ± 2.14 kg) were randomly allotted to groups A (control), B (glycerin-supplemented), C (vitamin C and niacinamide-supplemented), and D (glycerin, vitamin C and niacinamide-supplemented) during a feeding experiment. Metagenomic and metabolomic technologies were used to analyze the fecal compositions of bile acids, metabolites, and microbiota. The results showed that compared to pigs in group A, pigs in group D had lower virulence factor expressions of lipopolysaccharide (p < 0.05), fatty acid resistance system (p < 0.05), and capsule (p < 0.01); higher fecal levels of ferric ion (p < 0.05), allolithocholic acid (p < 0.01), deoxycholic acid (p < 0.05), tauroursodeoxycholic acid dihydrate (p < 0.01), glycodeoxycholic acid (p < 0.05), L-proline (p < 0.01) and calcitriol (p < 0.01); and higher (p < 0.05) abundances of iron-acquiring microbiota (Methanobrevibacter, Clostridium, Clostridiaceae, Clostridium_sp_CAG_1000, Faecalibacterium_sp_CAG_74_58_120, Eubacteriales_Family_XIII_Incertae_Sedis, Alistipes_sp_CAG_435, Alistipes_sp_CAG_514 and Methanobrevibacter_sp_YE315). Supplementation with glycerin, vitamin C, and niacinamide to pigs significantly promoted the growth of iron-acquiring microbiota in feces, reduced the expression of some virulence factor genes of fecal pathogens, and increased the fecal levels of ferric ion, L-proline, and some secondary bile acids. The administration of glycerol, vitamin C, and niacinamide to pigs may serve as an effective measure for muscle redness improvement by altering the compositions of fecal microbiota and metabolites.
摘要：
添加甘油，维生素C,和烟酰胺在猪饮食中增加了背最长肌的发红；然而，目前尚不清楚这些补充剂如何影响肠道微生物群和代谢产物.将84头仔猪(20.35±2.14kg)随机分配到A组(对照组),B（补充甘油），C（补充维生素C和烟酰胺），和D(甘油，在喂养实验中补充维生素C和烟酰胺）。宏基因组和代谢组学技术用于分析胆汁酸的粪便组成，代谢物，和微生物群。结果表明,与A组的猪相比,D组猪脂多糖毒力因子表达较低(p<0.05),脂肪酸抵抗系统(p<0.05)，和胶囊（p<0.01）；较高的粪便铁离子水平（p<0.05），异胆酸（p<0.01），脱氧胆酸（p<0.05），牛磺熊去氧胆酸二水合物（p<0.01），乙丙胆酸（p<0.05），L-脯氨酸（p<0.01）和骨化三醇（p<0.01）；以及更高（p<0.05）的铁获取微生物群（Methanobrebacter，梭菌属,梭菌科，梭状芽孢杆菌_sp_CAG_1000，粪杆菌_sp_CAG_74_58_120，肠杆菌_Family_XIII_Incertae_Sedis，Alistipes_sp_CAG_435，Alistipes_sp_CAG_514和Methanobrevibacter_sp_YE315）。补充甘油，维生素C,和烟酰胺对猪显著促进粪便中铁获取微生物群的生长，降低粪便病原体的一些毒力因子基因的表达，增加了粪便中三价铁离子的含量，L-脯氨酸,和一些次级胆汁酸。甘油的给药，维生素C,和烟酰胺对猪的治疗可能是通过改变粪便微生物群和代谢物的组成来改善肌肉发红的有效措施。
