PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Vegetarian diets are plant-based diets including all the edible foods from the Plant Kingdom, such as grains, legumes, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and seeds. Dairy and eggs can be added in small amounts in the lacto-ovo-vegetarian subtype, or not at all in the vegan subtype. The abundance of non-processed plant foods-typical of all well-planned diets, including vegetarian ones-can provide the body with numerous protective factors (fiber, phytocompounds), while limiting the intake of harmful nutrients like saturated fats, heme-iron, and cholesterol. The beneficial effects on health of this balance have been reported for many main chronic diseases, in both observational and intervention studies. The scientific literature indicates that vegetarians have a lower risk of certain types of cancer, overall cancer, overweight-obesity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and vascular diseases. Since the trend of following a vegetarian diet is increasing among citizens of developed countries, the knowledge in the field will benefit from further studies confirming the consistency of these findings and clarifying the effects of vegetarian diets on other controversial topics.
摘要：
素食是植物性饮食，包括植物王国的所有可食用食物，如谷物，豆类,蔬菜,水果,坚果,和种子。乳品和鸡蛋可以少量添加到乳卵素食亚型中，或者根本不属于纯素食亚型。丰富的非加工植物性食品-典型的所有精心计划的饮食，包括素食-可以为身体提供许多保护因素(纤维，植物化合物)，同时限制饱和脂肪等有害营养素的摄入，血红素铁,和胆固醇。这种平衡对健康的有益影响已经报道了许多主要的慢性疾病，在观察性和干预性研究中。科学文献表明，素食者患某些类型癌症的风险较低，整体癌症，超重肥胖，2型糖尿病,血脂异常,高血压,和血管疾病。由于在发达国家的公民中，素食的趋势正在增加，该领域的知识将受益于进一步的研究，证实这些发现的一致性，并澄清素食对其他有争议的话题的影响。
