Abstract：
Obesity is a major source of morbidity worldwide with more than 2 billion adults being overweight or obese. The incidence of obesity has tripled in the last 50 years, leading to an increased risk for a variety of noncommunicable diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated the positive effects of green leafy vegetables on weight gain and obesity and have attributed these beneficial properties, at least in part, to nitrates and isothiocyanates. Nitrates are converted to nitric oxide (NO) and isothiocyanates are known to release hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Herein, we investigated the effect of extracts and fractions produced from Beta vulgaris and Eruca sativa for their ability to limit lipid accumulation, regulate glucose homeostasis, and reduce body weight. Extracts from the different vegetables were screened for their ability to limit lipid accumulation in adipocytes and hepatocytes and for their ability to promote glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cultures; the most effective extracts were next tested in vivo. Wild type mice were placed on high-fat diet for 8 weeks to promote weight gain; animals receiving the selected B. vulgaris and E. sativa extracts exhibited attenuated body weight. Treatment with extracts also led to reduced white adipose tissue depot mass, attenuated adipocyte size, reduced expression of Dgat2 and PPARγ expression, and improved liver steatosis. In contrast, the extracts failed to improve glucose tolerance in obese animals and did not affect blood pressure. Taken together, our data indicate that extracts produced from B. vulgaris and E. sativa exhibit anti-obesity effects, suggesting that dietary supplements containing nitrates and sulfide-releasing compounds might be useful in limiting weight gain.
摘要：
肥胖症是全世界发病率的主要来源,超过20亿成年人超重或肥胖。在过去的50年里，肥胖的发病率增加了两倍，导致各种非传染性疾病的风险增加。以前的研究已经证明了绿叶蔬菜对体重增加和肥胖的积极影响，并将这些有益特性归因于至少在某种程度上,硝酸盐和异硫氰酸酯。硝酸盐转化为一氧化氮(NO),已知异硫氰酸酯释放硫化氢(H2S)。在这里，我们调查了提取物和提取物的影响，从β-寻常和芥子产生的部分对他们的能力，以限制脂质积累，调节葡萄糖稳态，减轻体重。筛选来自不同蔬菜的提取物限制脂肪细胞和肝细胞中脂质积累的能力以及促进骨骼肌培养物中葡萄糖摄取的能力；接下来在体内测试最有效的提取物。将野生型小鼠置于高脂肪饮食中8周以促进体重增加;接受所选择的普通芽孢杆菌和紫花苜蓿提取物的动物表现出减轻的体重。用提取物处理也导致白色脂肪组织积存量减少，脂肪细胞大小减弱，Dgat2和PPARγ表达降低，和改善肝脏脂肪变性。相比之下,这些提取物未能改善肥胖动物的葡萄糖耐量，也没有影响血压。一起来看,我们的数据表明，从B.vulgaris和E.sativa产生的提取物具有抗肥胖作用，这表明含有硝酸盐和硫化物释放化合物的膳食补充剂可能有助于限制体重增加。
