PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Hate crime is increasingly a familiar term within the domains of scholarship, policy, and activism as the harms associated with acts of targeted hostility continue to pose complex, global challenges. However, an exclusively Western-centric focus has done little to foster transnational conversations or to shape conceptual or legal frameworks in parts of the world where the challenges posed by hate and prejudice remain underexplored despite their devastating consequences. This article considers how the complexities and specificities of the Indian context disrupt the dominant assumptions of conventional hate crime frameworks. In doing so, it highlights the value of extending conventional Westernized models of thinking to different environments with different sets of challenges. Through its analysis of caste crimes and the factors that reinforce a prevailing institutional and cultural backdrop of political indifference, bureaucratic resistance, and public skepticism, the article illustrates why and how key elements of the Western framework remain ill-suited to the Indian context. The authors call instead for a creative translation of the hate crime concept, which accommodates the nature of violence within specific social contexts, and which emphasizes the institutional features that can mitigate the limitations of state capacity and intent. The process of translation has value in harnessing the benefits of the hate crime concept within countries, which lack a common framework to foster shared understanding and prioritization in relation to tackling contemporary expressions of hate. At the same time, this process enriches prevailing thinking, dismantles stereotypes, and challenges scholars of targeted violence to familiarize themselves with the unfamiliar.
摘要：
仇恨犯罪在学术领域越来越成为一个熟悉的术语，政策,和行动主义，因为与有针对性的敌对行动相关的危害继续构成复杂的，全球挑战。然而,完全以西方为中心的重点对促进跨国对话或在世界某些地区塑造概念或法律框架没有起到什么作用，尽管仇恨和偏见带来了毁灭性的后果，但这些地区的挑战仍未得到充分的探索。本文考虑了印度环境的复杂性和特殊性如何破坏传统仇恨犯罪框架的主要假设。在这样做的时候，它强调了将传统的西化思维模式扩展到具有不同挑战的不同环境的价值。通过对种姓犯罪的分析以及强化政治冷漠的普遍制度和文化背景的因素，官僚抵抗，和公众的怀疑，这篇文章说明了为什么以及如何西方框架的关键要素仍然不适合印度的背景。作者呼吁对仇恨犯罪概念进行创造性翻译，它适应了特定社会环境中暴力的性质，并强调可以减轻国家能力和意图限制的体制特征。翻译过程在利用国家内部仇恨犯罪概念的好处方面具有价值，缺乏一个共同的框架来促进在处理当代仇恨表达方面的共同理解和优先次序。同时,这个过程丰富了流行的思想，拆除陈规定型观念，并挑战有针对性的暴力学者熟悉陌生的事物。
