Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Ultrasound is gaining popularity for diagnosing scaphoid fractures. However, it hasn\'t been used to assess fracture displacement, such as humpback deformity. We propose a sonographic method to measure the intra-scaphoid angle, potentially serving as an alternative to CT scans for detecting fragment malposition after a scaphoid fracture.
METHODS: We recruited 11 healthy adult volunteers without wrist pathology and performed bilateral wrist ultrasounds, totaling 22 examinations. Each wrist was splinted at 50 ° extension and fully supinated. Two hand surgeons independently performed the ultrasounds. All images were then evaluated separately by two evaluators. The following measurements were taken: 1. Inter-poles distance (IPD): Distance between the summits of the two scaphoid poles on the palmar cortex. 2. Palmar cortical intra-scaphoid angle (PCISA): Angle between the two summits and the deepest point of the waist on the palmar cortex. Measurements were compared for inter-investigator and inter-evaluator reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
RESULTS: The study included four males and seven females, with an average age of 35 years (range 21-56). The mean PCISA was 142 ° (SD 10 °) and the mean IPD was 16.3 mm (SD 2.1 mm). Differences in IPD measurements averaged 0.3 mm (range 0-5.2 mm) among investigators and 1.0 mm (range 0.1-3.8 mm) among evaluators. For PCISA, the differences averaged 4 ° (range 0-17 °) among investigators and 6 ° (range 0-15 °) among evaluators. The ICC for IPD was 0.804 (investigators) and 0.572 (evaluators); for PCISA, it was 0.704 (investigators) and 0.602 (evaluators).
CONCLUSIONS: This study presents a cost-effective and accessible sonographic technique to measure the intra-scaphoid angle. Further research is required to assess its effectiveness in scaphoid fractures and compare it to CT-based measurements like the H/L ratio, LISA, and DCA.
METHODS: We recruited 11 healthy adult volunteers without wrist pathology and performed bilateral wrist ultrasounds, totaling 22 examinations. Each wrist was splinted at 50 ° extension and fully supinated. Two hand surgeons independently performed the ultrasounds. All images were then evaluated separately by two evaluators. The following measurements were taken: 1. Inter-poles distance (IPD): Distance between the summits of the two scaphoid poles on the palmar cortex. 2. Palmar cortical intra-scaphoid angle (PCISA): Angle between the two summits and the deepest point of the waist on the palmar cortex. Measurements were compared for inter-investigator and inter-evaluator reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
RESULTS: The study included four males and seven females, with an average age of 35 years (range 21-56). The mean PCISA was 142 ° (SD 10 °) and the mean IPD was 16.3 mm (SD 2.1 mm). Differences in IPD measurements averaged 0.3 mm (range 0-5.2 mm) among investigators and 1.0 mm (range 0.1-3.8 mm) among evaluators. For PCISA, the differences averaged 4 ° (range 0-17 °) among investigators and 6 ° (range 0-15 °) among evaluators. The ICC for IPD was 0.804 (investigators) and 0.572 (evaluators); for PCISA, it was 0.704 (investigators) and 0.602 (evaluators).
CONCLUSIONS: This study presents a cost-effective and accessible sonographic technique to measure the intra-scaphoid angle. Further research is required to assess its effectiveness in scaphoid fractures and compare it to CT-based measurements like the H/L ratio, LISA, and DCA.
摘要：
背景：超声诊断舟骨骨折越来越受欢迎。然而,它还没有被用来评估骨折位移，比如驼背畸形。我们提出了一种超声方法来测量舟骨内角度，可能作为CT扫描的替代方法，用于检测舟骨骨折后的碎片错位。
方法：我们招募了11名没有腕部病理的健康成年志愿者，并进行了双侧腕部超声检查，共22次考试。每个腕部以50°延伸并完全仰卧。两名手外科医生独立进行了超声检查。然后由两名评估者分别评估所有图像。进行了以下测量：极间距离（IPD）：手掌皮质上两个舟骨极的顶点之间的距离。掌骨皮质舟骨内角（PCISA）：两个顶点之间的角度和掌骨皮质上腰部的最深处。使用组内相关系数（ICC）比较了研究者间和评估者间的可靠性。
结果：该研究包括4名男性和7名女性，平均年龄35岁（范围21-56）。平均PCISA为142°（SD10°），平均IPD为16.3mm（SD2.1mm）。IPD测量的差异在研究者中平均为0.3mm（范围0至5.2mm），在评估者中平均为1.0mm（范围0.1至3.8mm）。对于PCISA，研究者之间的差异平均为4°（范围为0至17°），评估者之间的差异平均为6°（范围为0至15°）。IPD的ICC为0.804（调查人员）和0.572（评估人员）；对于PCISA，它是0.704(研究者)和0.602(评估者).
结论：这项研究提出了一种经济有效且易于使用的超声技术来测量舟骨内角。需要进一步的研究来评估其在舟骨骨折中的有效性，并将其与基于CT的测量结果进行比较，例如H/L比，Lisa,DCA。
方法：我们招募了11名没有腕部病理的健康成年志愿者，并进行了双侧腕部超声检查，共22次考试。每个腕部以50°延伸并完全仰卧。两名手外科医生独立进行了超声检查。然后由两名评估者分别评估所有图像。进行了以下测量：极间距离（IPD）：手掌皮质上两个舟骨极的顶点之间的距离。掌骨皮质舟骨内角（PCISA）：两个顶点之间的角度和掌骨皮质上腰部的最深处。使用组内相关系数（ICC）比较了研究者间和评估者间的可靠性。
结果：该研究包括4名男性和7名女性，平均年龄35岁（范围21-56）。平均PCISA为142°（SD10°），平均IPD为16.3mm（SD2.1mm）。IPD测量的差异在研究者中平均为0.3mm（范围0至5.2mm），在评估者中平均为1.0mm（范围0.1至3.8mm）。对于PCISA，研究者之间的差异平均为4°（范围为0至17°），评估者之间的差异平均为6°（范围为0至15°）。IPD的ICC为0.804（调查人员）和0.572（评估人员）；对于PCISA，它是0.704(研究者)和0.602(评估者).
结论：这项研究提出了一种经济有效且易于使用的超声技术来测量舟骨内角。需要进一步的研究来评估其在舟骨骨折中的有效性，并将其与基于CT的测量结果进行比较，例如H/L比，Lisa,DCA。
