Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: To investigate 20-year trends in social participation among the oldest old (77+ years) in Sweden and assess the extent to which changes in educational attainment and functional abilities explain these trends.
UNASSIGNED: Seven waves of the Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD) spanning 2002-2021 were used with a repeated cross-sectional design. To analyse the association between time and social participation we employed the Karlson-Holm-Breen method of decomposition. The study focused on informal social participation (contact with friends and family), leisure participation (public or semi-public gatherings), and formal participation (organisational engagement and study circle attendance).
UNASSIGNED: Both leisure and informal participation peaked in 2014 and declined in 2021, influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas formal participation showed a slight increase in 2021. Total participation increased at least until 2011. Overall, older adults have increased their levels of social participation in recent decades, disregarding the influence of the pandemic. Decomposition analysis revealed that population-level changes in educational attainment and functional abilities explained a substantial portion of the observed trends.
UNASSIGNED: As the proportion of older adults continues to rise, it becomes increasingly important to understand the developments and drivers of behavioural change in the older population. As more people are socially active, there may be increasing differences between those participating and those not - which could lead to increased inequalities. The observed trend in increasing participation, influenced by changes in education and health, emphasises the importance of fostering age-friendly environments and addressing potential social inequalities among older adults.
UNASSIGNED: Seven waves of the Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD) spanning 2002-2021 were used with a repeated cross-sectional design. To analyse the association between time and social participation we employed the Karlson-Holm-Breen method of decomposition. The study focused on informal social participation (contact with friends and family), leisure participation (public or semi-public gatherings), and formal participation (organisational engagement and study circle attendance).
UNASSIGNED: Both leisure and informal participation peaked in 2014 and declined in 2021, influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas formal participation showed a slight increase in 2021. Total participation increased at least until 2011. Overall, older adults have increased their levels of social participation in recent decades, disregarding the influence of the pandemic. Decomposition analysis revealed that population-level changes in educational attainment and functional abilities explained a substantial portion of the observed trends.
UNASSIGNED: As the proportion of older adults continues to rise, it becomes increasingly important to understand the developments and drivers of behavioural change in the older population. As more people are socially active, there may be increasing differences between those participating and those not - which could lead to increased inequalities. The observed trend in increasing participation, influenced by changes in education and health, emphasises the importance of fostering age-friendly environments and addressing potential social inequalities among older adults.
摘要：
■调查瑞典年龄最大的老年人（77岁以上）社会参与的20年趋势，并评估受教育程度和功能能力的变化在多大程度上解释了这些趋势。
■瑞典小组对最古老的老年人（SWEOLD）的生活条件进行了2002-2021年的研究，并进行了重复的横截面设计。为了分析时间与社会参与之间的关联，我们采用了Karlson-Holm-Breen分解方法。这项研究的重点是非正式的社会参与（与朋友和家人的联系），休闲参与(公共或半公共聚会)，和正式参与（组织参与和学习圈出勤）。
■在COVID-19大流行的影响下，休闲和非正式参与在2014年达到顶峰，在2021年下降，而正式参与在2021年略有增加。总参与率至少在2011年之前增加。总的来说,近几十年来，老年人提高了他们的社会参与水平，无视大流行的影响。分解分析显示，受教育程度和功能能力的人口水平变化解释了观察到的趋势的很大一部分。
■随着老年人比例的持续上升，了解老年人行为变化的发展和驱动因素变得越来越重要。随着越来越多的人活跃在社会上，参与的人和不参与的人之间可能存在越来越大的差异，这可能导致不平等加剧。观察到的参与增加的趋势，受教育和健康变化的影响，强调培养对年龄友好的环境和解决老年人之间潜在的社会不平等的重要性。
■瑞典小组对最古老的老年人（SWEOLD）的生活条件进行了2002-2021年的研究，并进行了重复的横截面设计。为了分析时间与社会参与之间的关联，我们采用了Karlson-Holm-Breen分解方法。这项研究的重点是非正式的社会参与（与朋友和家人的联系），休闲参与(公共或半公共聚会)，和正式参与（组织参与和学习圈出勤）。
■在COVID-19大流行的影响下，休闲和非正式参与在2014年达到顶峰，在2021年下降，而正式参与在2021年略有增加。总参与率至少在2011年之前增加。总的来说,近几十年来，老年人提高了他们的社会参与水平，无视大流行的影响。分解分析显示，受教育程度和功能能力的人口水平变化解释了观察到的趋势的很大一部分。
■随着老年人比例的持续上升，了解老年人行为变化的发展和驱动因素变得越来越重要。随着越来越多的人活跃在社会上，参与的人和不参与的人之间可能存在越来越大的差异，这可能导致不平等加剧。观察到的参与增加的趋势，受教育和健康变化的影响，强调培养对年龄友好的环境和解决老年人之间潜在的社会不平等的重要性。
