PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Nowadays, in addition to the destruction and fragmentation of the world\'s habitats, invasive species, and damage caused by them, are one of the most important factors in the destruction of ecosystems. The raccoon (Procyon lotor) is a medium-sized mammal that is placed in mid-levels of the food web and can affect a wide range of species. Considering the damage done to local ecosystems by this invasive species, habitat assessment and determining the factors affecting its habitat suitability would be a key step in managing this species. In this study, using the MaxEnt model and examining 12 environmental parameters (elevation, slope, aspect, geological units, soil type, vegetation, land use, distance to villages, distance to main roads, distance to waterways, average temperature, and rainfall) in the west of Guilan Province, habitat suitability of this alien species was determined, and the most important factors affecting this suitability were investigated. Results showed that the validity value of the model (AUC) was estimated to be 0.852 and parameters such as distance to village (34.5%), elevation (24.2%), and land use (15.9%) are among the most important and effective factors. Also, the results showed that 0.60% of the study area has high suitability, 6.14% moderate, 24.87% low, and 68.36% unsuitable areas for raccoons. The overall result shows that despite the lack of vast favorable areas for this invasive species, an increase in the number and expansion of this species is very likely because of its omnivorous diet, high adaptability to different environments and conditions, as well as extensive niche. All of these factors cause raccoons to spread further in the region and consequently increase the risks and damages to the native ecosystem.
摘要：
如今,除了破坏和破碎的世界的栖息地,入侵物种,以及它们造成的损害，是破坏生态系统的最重要因素之一。浣熊（Procyonlotor）是一种中型哺乳动物，位于食物网的中层，可以影响多种物种。考虑到这种入侵物种对当地生态系统的破坏，栖息地评估和确定影响其栖息地适宜性的因素将是管理该物种的关键步骤。在这项研究中,使用MaxEnt模型并检查12个环境参数(海拔，斜坡,方面,地质单位,土壤类型,植被,土地利用,距离村庄,到主要道路的距离，距离水路，平均温度,和降雨)在桂兰省西部，确定了这种外来物种的栖息地适宜性，并调查了影响这种适用性的最重要因素。结果表明，该模型的有效性值（AUC）估计为0.852，参数如距离村庄（34.5％），海拔（24.2%），土地利用(15.9%)是最重要和最有效的因素。此外，结果表明，0.60%的研究区具有较高的适宜性，6.14%适度，低24.87%,68.36%不适合浣熊的区域。总体结果表明，尽管这种入侵物种缺乏广阔的有利区域，这种物种的数量增加和扩张很可能是因为它杂食，对不同环境和条件的高度适应性，以及广泛的利基。所有这些因素都导致浣熊在该地区进一步传播，从而增加了对当地生态系统的风险和损害。
