Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Cognitive impairment is a common nonmotor symptom in Parkinson\'s disease (PD). Individuals of Latino background are traditionally underrepresented in research on PD. Despite the fact that Latinos comprise 18% of the U.S. population, they commonly make up less than 5% of samples in studies of PD. Emerging evidence suggests that Latino individuals with PD may experience disparities relative to White non-Latinos in terms of having more severe motor symptoms, more severe depressive symptoms, and worse health-related quality of life. The purpose of the present study was to investigate differences in cognitive performance between Latino and White non-Latino individuals with PD and examine correlates of cognitive performance.
UNASSIGNED: Data were obtained from the Parkinson\'s Progression Markers Initiative. Participants included 60 Latino individuals with PD and 1,009 White non-Latino individuals with PD, all of whom were followed annually for up to 5 years. Participants completed neuropsychological tests of attention and working memory, processing speed, visuospatial functioning, verbal fluency, and immediate and delayed memory and recall.
UNASSIGNED: Relative to White non-Latino individuals with PD, Latino individuals with PD had significantly lower scores on the global measure of cognitive functioning, a test of processing speed, and tests of working memory and attention. Years of education was the strongest correlate of performance in these three cognitive domains among individuals in the Latino group.
UNASSIGNED: These findings provide initial evidence of disparities in cognitive functioning among Latino individuals with PD. Educational disadvantages may be one potential driver of these disparities.
UNASSIGNED: Data were obtained from the Parkinson\'s Progression Markers Initiative. Participants included 60 Latino individuals with PD and 1,009 White non-Latino individuals with PD, all of whom were followed annually for up to 5 years. Participants completed neuropsychological tests of attention and working memory, processing speed, visuospatial functioning, verbal fluency, and immediate and delayed memory and recall.
UNASSIGNED: Relative to White non-Latino individuals with PD, Latino individuals with PD had significantly lower scores on the global measure of cognitive functioning, a test of processing speed, and tests of working memory and attention. Years of education was the strongest correlate of performance in these three cognitive domains among individuals in the Latino group.
UNASSIGNED: These findings provide initial evidence of disparities in cognitive functioning among Latino individuals with PD. Educational disadvantages may be one potential driver of these disparities.
摘要：
■认知障碍是帕金森病（PD）中常见的非运动症状。传统上，拉丁裔背景的个人在PD研究中代表性不足。尽管拉丁美洲人占美国人口的18％，在PD研究中，它们通常占不到5%的样本。新出现的证据表明，患有PD的拉丁裔人在运动症状更严重方面可能与白人非拉丁裔人存在差异，更严重的抑郁症状，与健康相关的生活质量更差。本研究的目的是调查患有PD的拉丁裔和白人非拉丁裔个体之间认知表现的差异，并检查认知表现的相关性。
■数据来自帕金森进展标志物倡议。参与者包括60名患有PD的拉丁裔个人和1,009名患有PD的白人非拉丁裔个人，所有这些人每年随访5年.参与者完成了注意力和工作记忆的神经心理学测试，处理速度,视觉空间功能，口语流利,以及即时和延迟的记忆和回忆。
■相对于患有PD的白人非拉丁裔个人，患有PD的拉丁裔个体在认知功能的全球测量上得分明显较低，处理速度的测试，以及工作记忆和注意力的测试。在拉丁裔群体中，受教育年限与这三个认知领域的表现之间的相关性最强。
■这些发现提供了拉丁裔PD患者认知功能差异的初步证据。教育劣势可能是这些差异的潜在驱动因素之一。
■数据来自帕金森进展标志物倡议。参与者包括60名患有PD的拉丁裔个人和1,009名患有PD的白人非拉丁裔个人，所有这些人每年随访5年.参与者完成了注意力和工作记忆的神经心理学测试，处理速度,视觉空间功能，口语流利,以及即时和延迟的记忆和回忆。
■相对于患有PD的白人非拉丁裔个人，患有PD的拉丁裔个体在认知功能的全球测量上得分明显较低，处理速度的测试，以及工作记忆和注意力的测试。在拉丁裔群体中，受教育年限与这三个认知领域的表现之间的相关性最强。
■这些发现提供了拉丁裔PD患者认知功能差异的初步证据。教育劣势可能是这些差异的潜在驱动因素之一。
