PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles well known for facilitating cell-to-cell communication by distributing essential macromolecules like proteins, DNA, mRNA, lipids, and miRNA. These vesicles are abundant in fluids distributed throughout the body, including urine, blood, saliva, and even bile. They are important diagnostic tools for breast, lung, gastrointestinal cancers, etc. However, their application as cancer biomarkers has not yet been implemented in most parts of the world. In this review, we discuss how OMICs profiling of exosomes can be practiced by substituting traditional imaging or biopsy methods for cancer detection. Previous methods like extensive imaging and biopsy used for screening were expensive, mostly invasive, and could not easily provide early detection for various types of cancer. Exosomal biomarkers can be utilized for routine screening by simply collecting body fluids from the individual. We anticipate that the use of exosomes will be brought to light by the success of clinical trials investigating their potential to enhance cancer detection and treatment in the upcoming years.
摘要：
外泌体是众所周知的细胞外囊泡，通过分布必需的大分子如蛋白质来促进细胞与细胞的通讯，DNA,mRNA脂质，和miRNA。这些囊泡富含分布在全身的液体中，包括尿液,血,唾液,甚至胆汁。它们是乳房的重要诊断工具，肺，胃肠道癌症,等。然而,它们作为癌症生物标志物的应用尚未在世界大多数地区实施。在这次审查中,我们讨论了如何通过替代传统的成像或活检方法来进行外泌体的OMIC分析来进行癌症检测.以前的方法，如广泛的成像和活检用于筛查是昂贵的，主要是侵入性的，并且无法轻易提供各种类型癌症的早期检测。通过简单地从个体收集体液,外来体生物标志物可用于常规筛选。我们预计，外泌体的使用将被临床试验的成功发现，这些临床试验研究了它们在未来几年增强癌症检测和治疗的潜力。
