Abstract：
Cancer metastasis and therapy resistance are intricately linked with the dynamics of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs). EMT hybrid cells, characterized by a blend of epithelial and mesenchymal traits, have emerged as pivotal in metastasis and demonstrate remarkable plasticity, enabling transitions across cellular states crucial for intravasation, survival in circulation, and extravasation at distal sites. Concurrently, CTCs, which are detached from primary tumors and travel through the bloodstream, are crucial as potential biomarkers for cancer prognosis and therapeutic response. There is a significant interplay between EMT hybrid cells and CTCs, revealing a complex, bidirectional relationship that significantly influences metastatic progression and has a critical role in cancer drug resistance. This resistance is further influenced by the tumor microenvironment, with factors such as tumor-associated macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and hypoxic conditions driving EMT and contributing to therapeutic resistance. It is important to understand the molecular mechanisms of EMT, characteristics of EMT hybrid cells and CTCs, and their roles in both metastasis and drug resistance. This comprehensive understanding sheds light on the complexities of cancer metastasis and opens avenues for novel diagnostic approaches and targeted therapies and has significant advancements in combating cancer metastasis and overcoming drug resistance.
摘要：
癌症转移和治疗抗性与上皮-间充质转化（EMT）和循环肿瘤细胞（CTC）的动力学密切相关。EMT杂交细胞，以混合上皮和间质特征为特征，已经成为转移的关键，并表现出显著的可塑性，实现跨细胞状态的过渡，这对血管内灌注至关重要，在循环中生存，和远端外渗。同时,CTC,它们与原发性肿瘤分离并通过血液传播，作为癌症预后和治疗反应的潜在生物标志物至关重要。EMT杂交细胞和CTC之间存在显著的相互作用,揭示了一个复杂的，双向关系显着影响转移进展，并在癌症耐药中起关键作用。这种耐药性进一步受到肿瘤微环境的影响，与肿瘤相关的巨噬细胞等因素，癌症相关成纤维细胞，和低氧条件驱动EMT并导致治疗抗性。了解EMT的分子机制非常重要,EMT杂交细胞和CTC的特点，以及它们在转移和耐药中的作用。这种全面的理解揭示了癌症转移的复杂性，为新的诊断方法和靶向治疗开辟了道路，并在对抗癌症转移和克服耐药性方面取得了重大进展。
