PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Pediatric patellar instability can impair function and restrict activity participation. If left untreated, it can lead to a degenerative knee. The incidence of patellar dislocations is highest in adolescents between 10 and 17 years of age; more than half of all first-time patellar dislocations occur during sports. This article reviews the evidence of risk factors for traumatic patellar instability, surgical interventions, and return-to-sport (RTS) considerations for pediatric and adolescent athletes. Anatomic risk factors for patellar instability in pediatric and adolescent patients include trochlear dysplasia, elevated tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, patella alta, genu valgum, femoral anteversion and tibial torsion, and hyperlaxity.
摘要：
小儿髌骨不稳定会损害功能并限制活动参与。如果不及时治疗，它会导致膝盖退化。髌骨脱位的发生率在10至17岁的青少年中最高;超过一半的首次髌骨脱位发生在运动期间。本文回顾了创伤性髌骨不稳定的危险因素的证据，手术干预，以及针对儿科和青少年运动员的重返运动（RTS）考虑因素。儿童和青少年患者髌骨不稳定的解剖学危险因素包括滑车发育不良，胫骨隆起结节-滑车沟(TT-TG)距离,髌骨,genuvalgum,股骨前倾和胫骨扭转，和过度松弛。
