PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Age-based stereotype threat (ABST), the concern of being judged according to a negative age stereotype may lead to underperformance in the stereotype domain. The present study aims to replicate the negative effect of ABST on episodic memory. Importantly, we further examine openness to experience as a potential buffer of the ABST effect as well as the role that different memory strategies may play in episodic memory performance.
UNASSIGNED: Seventy-five older adults were randomly assigned to the ABST condition or the control condition before taking a word-stem cued recall memory task. They learned word-lists with either a repetition strategy, low resource demanding but less efficient, or a mental imagery strategy, high resource demanding but more efficient. Openness was measured with the Big-5 personality questionnaire.
UNASSIGNED: ABST reduced memory performance and disrupted more the recall of words learned with the imagery strategy. The results also showed that openness predicted recall performance associated with the imagery strategy only in the threatened group.
UNASSIGNED: These results indicated that a high level in openness may disrupt the negative effect of ABST by improving the capacity of threatened people to execute efficient, resource demanding memory strategies. This finding supports the idea that contextual factors as well as individual characteristics such as personality, need to be considered when assessing episodic memory in aging.
UNASSIGNED: Seventy-five older adults were randomly assigned to the ABST condition or the control condition before taking a word-stem cued recall memory task. They learned word-lists with either a repetition strategy, low resource demanding but less efficient, or a mental imagery strategy, high resource demanding but more efficient. Openness was measured with the Big-5 personality questionnaire.
UNASSIGNED: ABST reduced memory performance and disrupted more the recall of words learned with the imagery strategy. The results also showed that openness predicted recall performance associated with the imagery strategy only in the threatened group.
UNASSIGNED: These results indicated that a high level in openness may disrupt the negative effect of ABST by improving the capacity of threatened people to execute efficient, resource demanding memory strategies. This finding supports the idea that contextual factors as well as individual characteristics such as personality, need to be considered when assessing episodic memory in aging.
摘要：
■基于年龄的刻板印象威胁(ABST)，根据阴性年龄刻板印象进行判断的担忧可能会导致刻板印象领域的表现不佳。本研究旨在复制ABST对情景记忆的负面影响。重要的是,我们进一步研究了作为ABST效应潜在缓冲的经验开放性,以及不同记忆策略在情景记忆表现中可能发挥的作用.
■在进行词干提示回忆记忆任务之前，将75名老年人随机分配到ABST条件或对照条件。他们用重复策略学习单词列表，资源需求低，但效率较低，或者心理意象策略，资源要求高，但效率更高。开放性使用Big-5人格问卷进行测量。
■ABST降低了记忆性能，并更多地破坏了用图像策略学习的单词的回忆。结果还表明，开放性仅在受威胁人群中预测与图像策略相关的召回表现。
■这些结果表明，高水平的开放性可能会通过提高受威胁的人执行效率的能力来破坏ABST的负面影响，资源需求内存策略。这一发现支持了这样一种观点，即环境因素以及个性等个人特征，在评估衰老中的情景记忆时需要考虑。
■在进行词干提示回忆记忆任务之前，将75名老年人随机分配到ABST条件或对照条件。他们用重复策略学习单词列表，资源需求低，但效率较低，或者心理意象策略，资源要求高，但效率更高。开放性使用Big-5人格问卷进行测量。
■ABST降低了记忆性能，并更多地破坏了用图像策略学习的单词的回忆。结果还表明，开放性仅在受威胁人群中预测与图像策略相关的召回表现。
■这些结果表明，高水平的开放性可能会通过提高受威胁的人执行效率的能力来破坏ABST的负面影响，资源需求内存策略。这一发现支持了这样一种观点，即环境因素以及个性等个人特征，在评估衰老中的情景记忆时需要考虑。
