METHODS: Dietary habits of IBD children and age- and gender-matched healthy controls were investigated using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire in five Italian pediatric IBD centers. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) was assessed using the KID-MED test. Energy (EI), macro, and micronutrients intakes were compared between the two groups, to the RDA and the predicted total energy expenditure (EI/total energy expenditure [TEE]%).
RESULTS: IBD subjects (n = 110) reported a lower EI, EI/RDA%, and EI/TEE% compared to controls (n = 110) (p = 0.012, p < 0.0002, and p = 0.014), lower total protein and fat intakes (p = 0.017, p < 0.0001) and lower minerals/RDA, vitamins/RDA and micronutrients/RDA ratio (%). Poor adherence to the MD was more frequent in IBD children compared to controls (p = 0.013). The total EI and carbohydrate intake were inversely correlated with higher disease activity.
CONCLUSIONS: Italian children with IBD report an inadequate diet in terms of energy, macro, and micronutrients and have a low adherence to a high-quality MD pattern.
方法:使用经过验证的食物频率问卷,在五个意大利儿科IBD中心调查了IBD儿童和年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者的饮食习惯。使用KID-MED测试评估对地中海饮食(MD)的依从性。能源(EI),宏,比较两组的微量营养素摄入量,RDA和预测的总能量消耗(EI/总能量消耗[TEE]%)。
结果:IBD受试者(n=110)报告较低的EI,EI/RDA%,与对照组(n=110)相比,EI/TEE%(p=0.012,p<0.0002,p=0.014),较低的总蛋白质和脂肪摄入量(p=0.017,p<0.0001)和较低的矿物质/RDA,维生素/RDA和微量营养素/RDA比率(%)。与对照组相比,IBD儿童对MD的依从性差的发生率更高(p=0.013)。总EI和碳水化合物摄入量与较高的疾病活动性成反比。
结论:意大利IBD儿童报告说,在能量方面饮食不足,宏,和微量营养素,对高质量MD模式的依从性低。