Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) tend to self-modify their dietary habits according to disease activity and symptoms. This study aimed to assess the adequacy of the usual diet in Italian children with IBD in comparison to a control group and to the recommended dietary allowances (RDA).
METHODS: Dietary habits of IBD children and age- and gender-matched healthy controls were investigated using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire in five Italian pediatric IBD centers. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) was assessed using the KID-MED test. Energy (EI), macro, and micronutrients intakes were compared between the two groups, to the RDA and the predicted total energy expenditure (EI/total energy expenditure [TEE]%).
RESULTS: IBD subjects (n = 110) reported a lower EI, EI/RDA%, and EI/TEE% compared to controls (n = 110) (p = 0.012, p < 0.0002, and p = 0.014), lower total protein and fat intakes (p = 0.017, p < 0.0001) and lower minerals/RDA, vitamins/RDA and micronutrients/RDA ratio (%). Poor adherence to the MD was more frequent in IBD children compared to controls (p = 0.013). The total EI and carbohydrate intake were inversely correlated with higher disease activity.
CONCLUSIONS: Italian children with IBD report an inadequate diet in terms of energy, macro, and micronutrients and have a low adherence to a high-quality MD pattern.
METHODS: Dietary habits of IBD children and age- and gender-matched healthy controls were investigated using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire in five Italian pediatric IBD centers. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) was assessed using the KID-MED test. Energy (EI), macro, and micronutrients intakes were compared between the two groups, to the RDA and the predicted total energy expenditure (EI/total energy expenditure [TEE]%).
RESULTS: IBD subjects (n = 110) reported a lower EI, EI/RDA%, and EI/TEE% compared to controls (n = 110) (p = 0.012, p < 0.0002, and p = 0.014), lower total protein and fat intakes (p = 0.017, p < 0.0001) and lower minerals/RDA, vitamins/RDA and micronutrients/RDA ratio (%). Poor adherence to the MD was more frequent in IBD children compared to controls (p = 0.013). The total EI and carbohydrate intake were inversely correlated with higher disease activity.
CONCLUSIONS: Italian children with IBD report an inadequate diet in terms of energy, macro, and micronutrients and have a low adherence to a high-quality MD pattern.
摘要：
目的：炎症性肠病（IBD）患者倾向于根据疾病活动和症状自我改变饮食习惯。这项研究旨在评估意大利IBD儿童与对照组和推荐的饮食配额（RDA）相比的常规饮食是否足够。
方法：使用经过验证的食物频率问卷，在五个意大利儿科IBD中心调查了IBD儿童和年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者的饮食习惯。使用KID-MED测试评估对地中海饮食（MD）的依从性。能源（EI），宏,比较两组的微量营养素摄入量，RDA和预测的总能量消耗(EI/总能量消耗[TEE]%)。
结果：IBD受试者（n=110）报告较低的EI，EI/RDA%,与对照组（n=110）相比，EI/TEE％（p=0.012，p<0.0002，p=0.014），较低的总蛋白质和脂肪摄入量（p=0.017，p<0.0001）和较低的矿物质/RDA，维生素/RDA和微量营养素/RDA比率(%)。与对照组相比，IBD儿童对MD的依从性差的发生率更高（p=0.013）。总EI和碳水化合物摄入量与较高的疾病活动性成反比。
结论：意大利IBD儿童报告说，在能量方面饮食不足，宏,和微量营养素，对高质量MD模式的依从性低。
方法：使用经过验证的食物频率问卷，在五个意大利儿科IBD中心调查了IBD儿童和年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者的饮食习惯。使用KID-MED测试评估对地中海饮食（MD）的依从性。能源（EI），宏,比较两组的微量营养素摄入量，RDA和预测的总能量消耗(EI/总能量消耗[TEE]%)。
结果：IBD受试者（n=110）报告较低的EI，EI/RDA%,与对照组（n=110）相比，EI/TEE％（p=0.012，p<0.0002，p=0.014），较低的总蛋白质和脂肪摄入量（p=0.017，p<0.0001）和较低的矿物质/RDA，维生素/RDA和微量营养素/RDA比率(%)。与对照组相比，IBD儿童对MD的依从性差的发生率更高（p=0.013）。总EI和碳水化合物摄入量与较高的疾病活动性成反比。
结论：意大利IBD儿童报告说，在能量方面饮食不足，宏,和微量营养素，对高质量MD模式的依从性低。
