Abstract：
A comprehensive analysis of the whole mitochondrial genomes of the Schizothoracinae subfamily of the family Cyprinidae has been revealed for the first time. The species analyzed include Schizothorax niger, Schizothorax esocinus, Schizothorax labiatus and Schizothorax plagoistomus. The total mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) length was determined to be 16585 bp, 16583 bp, 16582 bp and 16576 bp, respectively with 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes and 2 non-coding area genes. The combined mean base compositions of the four species were as follows: A: 29.91 % T: 25.47 % G: 17.65 % C 27.01 %. The range of the GC content is 45-44 %, respectively. All protein coding genes (PCGs) commenced with the typical ATG codon, except for the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COX1) gene with GTG. The analysis of vital amino acid biosynthesis genes (COX1, ATPase 6, ATPase 8) in four different species revealed no significant differences. All 13 PCGs had Ka/Ks ratios that were all lesser than one, demonstrating purifying selection on those molecules. These tRNA genes were predicted to fold into the typical cloverleaf secondary structures with normal base pairing and ranged in size from 66 to 75 nucleotides. Additionally, the phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that S. esocinus species that was most alike to S. labiatus. This study provides critical data for phylogenetic analysis of the Schizothoracinae subfamily, which will help to resolve taxonomic difficulties and identify evolutionary links. Detailed mtDNA data are an invaluable resource for studying genetic diversity, population structure, and gene flow. Understanding genetic makeup can help inform conservation plans, identify unique populations, and track genetic variation to ensure effective preservation.
摘要：
首次揭示了对Cyprinidae家族的Schizothoracinae亚家族的整个线粒体基因组的全面分析。分析的物种包括尼日尔裂殖菌，Schizothoraxesocinus,唇裂裂孔和裂孔裂孔。线粒体DNA（mtDNA）的总长度被确定为16585bp，16583bp,16582bp和16576bp,分别具有13个蛋白质编码基因，2个rRNA基因，22个tRNA基因和2个非编码区基因。四种物种的组合平均碱组成如下:A:29.91%T:25.47%G:17.65%C27.01%。GC含量的范围为45-44%，分别。所有蛋白质编码基因（PCGs）都以典型的ATG密码子开始，除细胞色素c氧化酶亚基1（COX1）基因与GTG。对四个不同物种中重要的氨基酸生物合成基因（COX1，ATPase6，ATPase8）的分析没有显着差异。所有13个PCGs的Ka/Ks比率都小于1，展示对这些分子的纯化选择。预测这些tRNA基因折叠成具有正常碱基配对的典型苜蓿叶二级结构，大小范围为66至75个核苷酸。此外,系统发育树分析显示，esocinus物种与唇形链球菌最相似。这项研究提供了关键数据的系统发育分析的分裂的亚科，这将有助于解决分类困难并确定进化联系。详细的mtDNA数据是研究遗传多样性的宝贵资源，人口结构,和基因流动。了解基因组成可以帮助告知保护计划，确定独特的种群，并跟踪遗传变异以确保有效保存。
