UNASSIGNED: This approach was performed unilaterally on five cadaver heads and bilaterally on one cadaver head.
UNASSIGNED: We described a modified endoscope-assisted high cervical anterolateral retropharyngeal approach in which each stage of the procedure was demonstrated on human cadavers in a step-by-step manner using endoscopic camera views. This approach was broken down into nine steps. The neurovascular structures encountered at each step and their relationships with each other are demonstrated.
UNASSIGNED: The advantages and disadvantages of our modified approach were compared to the conventional transcervical, transoral, and endoscopic endonasal approaches.
■该方法在五个尸体头部上单侧进行,在一个尸体头部上双侧进行。
■我们描述了一种改进的内窥镜辅助的高颈前外侧咽后入路,其中使用内窥镜摄像机视图以逐步的方式在人体尸体上演示了该过程的每个阶段。这种方法分为九个步骤。证明了在每个步骤中遇到的神经血管结构及其彼此之间的关系。
■将我们的改良方法的优缺点与常规的经宫颈方法进行了比较,经口,和鼻内镜入路。