PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The shift of agricultural labor force to non-agricultural sectors has paralleled China\'s economic development, leading to a substantial rise in labor costs relative to capital. Consequently, the agricultural production has witnessed a shift towards capital-intensive practices. The capital deepening coincides with the significant increase in China\'s grain output while the main cause of capital deepening in China\'s grain production is poorly understood. This study examines the effect of increasing in various capital investments on the grain yield growth and growth convergence in China\'s main production areas, based on the data collected from the data set of the Compilation of Cost-Benefit Data of Agricultural Products (CCBDAP). Results show that the increases of chemical fertilizer, pesticide and machinery input have played key roles in the increase of grain yield. For early indica rice, japonica rice, wheat and maize, the average land output bears a β convergence. These findings suggest that more capital investments are supposed to accelerate the growth of grain yield per unit of land, take the opportunity of practicing the cross-provincial balance system of occupation and compensation of cultivated land. Moreover, strategic adjustments to the spatial distribution of grain cultivation are recommended to maximize the utilization of limited arable land resources while upholding national food security objectives.
摘要：
农业劳动力向非农部门的转移与中国经济发展同步,导致劳动力成本相对于资本的大幅上升。因此,农业生产已经向资本密集型做法转变。资本深化与中国粮食产量的大幅增加相吻合，而中国粮食产量中资本深化的主要原因却知之甚少。本研究考察了各种资本投资的增加对中国主产区粮食产量增长和增长收敛的影响。基于从农产品成本效益数据汇编(CCBDAP)数据集中收集的数据。结果表明,化肥用量的增加,农药和机械投入对粮食增产起到了关键作用。对于早稻，粳稻,小麦和玉米,平均土地产出具有β收敛。这些发现表明，更多的资本投资应该加速单位土地粮食产量的增长，以实行耕地占补跨省均衡制度为契机。此外，建议对粮食种植空间分布进行战略调整，以最大限度地利用有限的耕地资源，同时坚持国家粮食安全目标。
