PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particles enriched in bioactive molecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, are crucial mediators of intercellular communication and play key roles in various physiological and pathological processes. EVs have been shown to be involved in ovarian follicular function and to be altered in two prevalent gynecological disorders; polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis.Ovarian follicles are complex microenvironments where folliculogenesis takes place with well-orchestrated interactions between granulosa cells, oocytes, and their surrounding stromal cells. Recent research unveiled the presence of EVs, including exosomes and microvesicles, in the follicular fluid (FFEVs), which constitutes part of the developing oocyte\'s microenvironment. In the context of PCOS, a multifaceted endocrine, reproductive, and metabolic disorder, studies have explored the dysregulation of these FFEVs and their cargo. Nine PCOS studies were included in this review and two miRNAs were commonly reported in two different studies, miR-379 and miR-200, both known to play a role in female reproduction. Studies have also demonstrated the potential use of EVs as diagnostic tools and treatment options.Endometriosis, another prevalent gynecological disorder characterized by ectopic growth of endometrial-like tissue, has also been linked to aberrant EV signaling. EVs in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis carry molecules that modulate the immune response and promote the establishment and maintenance of endometriosis lesions. EVs derived from endometriosis lesions, serum and peritoneal fluid obtained from patients with endometriosis showed no commonly reported biomolecules between the eleven reviewed studies. Importantly, circulating EVs have been shown to be potential biomarkers, also reflecting the severity of the pathology.Understanding the interplay of EVs within human ovarian follicles may provide valuable insights into the pathophysiology of both PCOS and endometriosis. Targeting EV-mediated communication may open avenues for novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for these common gynecological disorders. More research is essential to unravel the mechanisms underlying EV involvement in folliculogenesis and its dysregulation in PCOS and endometriosis, ultimately leading to more effective and personalized interventions.
摘要：
细胞外囊泡（EV），富含生物活性分子如蛋白质的颗粒，核酸,和脂质，是细胞间通讯的关键介质，在各种生理和病理过程中发挥关键作用。EV已被证明与卵泡功能有关，并在两种常见的妇科疾病中发生改变：多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）和子宫内膜异位症。卵巢卵泡是复杂的微环境，其中卵泡发生与颗粒细胞之间协调良好的相互作用，卵母细胞，和它们周围的基质细胞。最近的研究揭示了电动汽车的存在，包括外泌体和微泡，在卵泡液（FFEV）中，这构成了发育中的卵母细胞微环境的一部分。在PCOS的背景下，多方面的内分泌，生殖,和代谢紊乱，研究已经探索了这些FFEV及其货物的失调。本综述包括9项PCOS研究，两项不同的研究中通常报道了两种miRNA。miR-379和miR-200都在女性生殖中起作用。研究还证明了电动汽车作为诊断工具和治疗选择的潜在用途。子宫内膜异位症,另一种常见的妇科疾病的特征是子宫内膜样组织的异位生长，也与异常的EV信号有关。子宫内膜异位症妇女的腹膜液中的EV携带调节免疫反应并促进子宫内膜异位症病变的建立和维持的分子。来自子宫内膜异位症病变的EV，在11项综述研究中,从子宫内膜异位症患者获得的血清和腹膜液没有发现常见的生物分子.重要的是,循环电动汽车已被证明是潜在的生物标志物，也反映了病理的严重程度。了解人类卵巢卵泡内EV的相互作用可能为PCOS和子宫内膜异位症的病理生理学提供有价值的见解。针对EV介导的交流可能为这些常见妇科疾病的新型诊断和治疗方法开辟道路。更多的研究对于揭示EV参与PCOS和子宫内膜异位症卵泡发生及其失调的机制至关重要。最终导致更有效和个性化的干预措施。
