Abstract：
Three bacteria extensively acknowledged as venereal pathogens with the potential to induce endometritis include Taylorella equigenitalis, the causative agent of contagious equine metritis (CEM), specific strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and certain capsule types of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The United Kingdom\'s Horserace Betting Levy Board recommends pre-breeding screening for these bacteria in their International Codes of Practice and >20 000 samples are tested per annum in the United Kingdom alone. While the pathogenesis and regulatory importance of CEM are well established, an evaluation of the literature pertaining to venereal transmission of P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae was lacking. The aim of this review was to evaluate published literature and determine the significance of P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae as venereal pathogens in horses. Literature definitively demonstrating venereal transmission was not available. Instead, application of molecular typing methods suggested that common environmental sources of contamination, such as water, or fomites be considered as modes of transmission. The presence of organisms with pathogenic potential on a horse\'s external genitalia did not predict venereal transmission with resultant endometritis and reduced fertility. These findings may prompt further investigation using molecular technologies to confirm or exclude venereal spread and investigation of alternative mechanisms of transmission are indicated.
摘要：
被广泛认为是有可能诱发子宫内膜炎的性病病原体的三种细菌，包括斜纹泰勒，传染性马子宫炎（CEM）的病原体，铜绿假单胞菌的特定菌株，和某些胶囊型肺炎克雷伯菌。英国的HorseraceBettingLevyBoard建议在其国际实践守则中对这些细菌进行育种前筛查，仅在英国每年就对超过20,000个样品进行测试。虽然CEM的发病机制和调控重要性已经确立，缺乏对铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌性病传播相关文献的评估。这篇综述的目的是评估已发表的文献，并确定铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌作为马的性病病原体的重要性。没有明确证明性病传播的文献。相反，分子分型方法的应用表明，常见的环境污染源，比如水,或fomites被认为是传输模式。在马的外生殖器上存在具有致病潜力的生物并不能预测性病传播导致的子宫内膜炎和生育能力下降。这些发现可能会促使使用分子技术进行进一步的研究，以确认或排除性病传播，并指出了对其他传播机制的研究。
