Abstract：
Legislative agendas aimed at regulating nurse staffing in US hospitals have intensified after acute workforce disruptions triggered by COVID-19. Emerging evidence consistently demonstrates the benefits of higher nurse staffing levels, although uncertainty remains regarding whether and which legislative approaches can achieve this outcome. The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive updated review of hospital nurse staffing requirements across all fifty states. As of January 2024, seven states had laws pertaining to staffing ratios for at least one hospital unit, including California and Oregon, which had ratios pertaining to multiple units. Eight states required nurse staffing committees, of which six specified a percentage of committee members who must be registered nurses. Eleven states required nurse staffing plans. Five states had pending legislation, and one state, Idaho, had passed legislation banning minimum nurse staffing requirements. The variety of state regulations provides an opportunity for comparative evaluations of efficacy and feasibility to inform new legislation on the horizon.
摘要：
在COVID-19引发的严重劳动力中断后，旨在规范美国医院护士人员配备的立法议程愈演愈烈。新出现的证据一致证明了更高的护士人员配备水平的好处，尽管关于是否以及哪些立法方法可以实现这一结果仍然存在不确定性。这项研究的目的是提供对所有50个州的医院护士人员配备要求的全面更新审查。截至2024年1月，七个州制定了与至少一个医院单位的人员配备比率有关的法律。包括加州和俄勒冈州,与多个单位有关的比率。八个州要求护士人员配备委员会，其中六名指定了必须是注册护士的委员会成员的百分比。11个州要求护士人员配备计划。五个州有悬而未决的立法，一个州,爱达荷州,已经通过了禁止最低护士人员配备要求的立法。各种各样的州法规为对有效性和可行性进行比较评估提供了机会，以告知即将出台的新立法。
