Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to report on a novel method of identifying variables associated with challenging behaviors in natural interactions between mothers and their adolescents with Fragile X syndrome (FXS).
METHODS: Videotaped interactions of 47 dyads interacting with an iPad game, completing a puzzle, and making a snack and were coded for challenging behaviors by adolescents with FXS, and maternal behaviors that preceded these behaviors. We described the frequencies of adolescent challenging behaviors, then used sequential and survival analyses to identify maternal and adolescent behaviors that preceded self-injurious behavior (SIB) and aggression.
RESULTS: Across all the dyads, 109 instances of SIB and 79 instances of aggression were identified during the 30 min of recorded interaction. Most of these challenging behaviors occurred during the iPad activity. The sequential analysis indicated that maternal requests for behavioral compliance frequently preceded both SIB and aggression. Survival analyses revealed that the likelihood of SIB or aggression was increased if the mothers requested behavioral compliance after the child engaged in another challenging behavior.
CONCLUSIONS: Challenging behaviors including SIB and aggression were frequently observed in many participants. The sequential and survival analyses were useful for identifying precursors to these behaviors. Further research is needed to investigate preventative strategies based on the results of sequential and survival analyses.
METHODS: Videotaped interactions of 47 dyads interacting with an iPad game, completing a puzzle, and making a snack and were coded for challenging behaviors by adolescents with FXS, and maternal behaviors that preceded these behaviors. We described the frequencies of adolescent challenging behaviors, then used sequential and survival analyses to identify maternal and adolescent behaviors that preceded self-injurious behavior (SIB) and aggression.
RESULTS: Across all the dyads, 109 instances of SIB and 79 instances of aggression were identified during the 30 min of recorded interaction. Most of these challenging behaviors occurred during the iPad activity. The sequential analysis indicated that maternal requests for behavioral compliance frequently preceded both SIB and aggression. Survival analyses revealed that the likelihood of SIB or aggression was increased if the mothers requested behavioral compliance after the child engaged in another challenging behavior.
CONCLUSIONS: Challenging behaviors including SIB and aggression were frequently observed in many participants. The sequential and survival analyses were useful for identifying precursors to these behaviors. Further research is needed to investigate preventative strategies based on the results of sequential and survival analyses.
摘要：
目的：我们的目的是报告一种新颖的方法，该方法可识别与患有脆性X综合征（FXS）的母亲与青少年之间的自然互动中的挑战性行为相关的变量。
方法：将47个二元组合与iPad游戏互动的互动视频化，完成一个谜题,制作零食，并被FXS青少年编码为具有挑战性的行为，以及先于这些行为的母性行为。我们描述了青少年挑战行为的频率，然后使用顺序和生存分析来识别在自我伤害行为（SIB）和攻击性之前的母亲和青少年行为。
结果：在所有二元体系中，在记录的相互作用的30分钟内，确定了109个SIB实例和79个侵略实例。这些具有挑战性的行为大多发生在iPad活动期间。顺序分析表明，母亲对行为依从性的要求通常在SIB和侵略之前。生存分析显示，如果母亲在孩子从事另一种具有挑战性的行为后要求遵守行为，则SIB或侵略的可能性会增加。
结论：在许多参与者中经常观察到包括SIB和攻击性在内的挑战性行为。顺序和生存分析对于识别这些行为的前兆很有用。需要进一步的研究来研究基于序贯和生存分析结果的预防策略。
方法：将47个二元组合与iPad游戏互动的互动视频化，完成一个谜题,制作零食，并被FXS青少年编码为具有挑战性的行为，以及先于这些行为的母性行为。我们描述了青少年挑战行为的频率，然后使用顺序和生存分析来识别在自我伤害行为（SIB）和攻击性之前的母亲和青少年行为。
结果：在所有二元体系中，在记录的相互作用的30分钟内，确定了109个SIB实例和79个侵略实例。这些具有挑战性的行为大多发生在iPad活动期间。顺序分析表明，母亲对行为依从性的要求通常在SIB和侵略之前。生存分析显示，如果母亲在孩子从事另一种具有挑战性的行为后要求遵守行为，则SIB或侵略的可能性会增加。
结论：在许多参与者中经常观察到包括SIB和攻击性在内的挑战性行为。顺序和生存分析对于识别这些行为的前兆很有用。需要进一步的研究来研究基于序贯和生存分析结果的预防策略。
