PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Adverse life course events associated with unemployment can negatively affect individuals\' future labor market prospects. Unauthorized status, and subsequent unauthorized employment, may operate similarly, marring immigrants\' labor market prospects even after they change legal status. However, it is unclear how and why any durable disadvantage associated with prior unauthorized status operates differently by gender. This is an important shortcoming given that legal status and gender overlap to influence both migration and stratification. Using longitudinal data from a nationally-representative sample of lawful permanent residents, we find durable disadvantage associated with prior exposure to unauthorized status, especially among women. Men with prior exposure to unauthorized status experience persistent occupational disadvantage over time relative to men who were never unauthorized. However, women with exposure to unauthorized status experience widening occupational disadvantage over time relative to women who were never unauthorized. Human capital and legal processes help to explain this pattern.
摘要：
与失业相关的不良生活过程事件会对个人未来的劳动力市场前景产生负面影响。未授权状态,以及随后未经授权的就业，可以类似地操作，即使移民改变了法律地位，也会损害他们的劳动力市场前景。然而,目前尚不清楚与先前未经授权的身份相关的任何持久劣势如何以及为什么会因性别而异。鉴于法律地位和性别重叠影响移徙和分层，这是一个重要的缺点。使用来自全国代表性合法永久居民样本的纵向数据，我们发现与先前暴露于未经授权的状态相关的持久缺点，尤其是女性。相对于从未未经授权的男性，先前接触过未经授权的男性会经历持续的职业劣势。然而,与从未获得过未经授权的女性相比，暴露于未经授权身份的女性随着时间的推移会经历越来越大的职业劣势。人力资本和法律程序有助于解释这种模式。
