Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the long-term effect of combined physical activity (PA) and behaviour change techniques (BCT) interventions in PA maintenance of colorectal cancer survivors (CRCS) and identify the most frequent BCT implemented in them.
METHODS: PRISMA recommendations were followed. Databases were searched for randomized controlled trials up to October 2023. Studies in which CRCS completed a PA intervention based on any Theoretical Model of Behaviour Change (TMBC) and a subsequent follow-up period were included. Between-group differences at baseline and after follow-up were pooled for meta-analysis. BCT codification was performed using the BCT taxonomy v1. Methodological quality and evidence certainty were also assessed.
RESULTS: Five studies involving 906 CRCS met the inclusion criteria. PA interventions applying BCT showed a significant change with a small positive effect (pooled SMD = 0.22 (0.09, 0.35)) on the PA after a follow-up period between 3 and 12 months. Twenty-two different BCTs were identified (mean 17.2, range 15-19) of which 12 were common across all interventions.
CONCLUSIONS: PA and BCT interventions have been found to be effective in improving the long-term maintenance of PA in CRCS. Further studies with higher methodological quality are needed to confirm these findings.
CONCLUSIONS: Aerobic exercise, pedometers, PA diaries and educational materials seem to be important aspects to achieve sustainable adherence to an active lifestyle over time. Supervision, access to fitness areas and applying some BCT appear to be differentiating features to obtain more successful PA maintenance.
METHODS: PRISMA recommendations were followed. Databases were searched for randomized controlled trials up to October 2023. Studies in which CRCS completed a PA intervention based on any Theoretical Model of Behaviour Change (TMBC) and a subsequent follow-up period were included. Between-group differences at baseline and after follow-up were pooled for meta-analysis. BCT codification was performed using the BCT taxonomy v1. Methodological quality and evidence certainty were also assessed.
RESULTS: Five studies involving 906 CRCS met the inclusion criteria. PA interventions applying BCT showed a significant change with a small positive effect (pooled SMD = 0.22 (0.09, 0.35)) on the PA after a follow-up period between 3 and 12 months. Twenty-two different BCTs were identified (mean 17.2, range 15-19) of which 12 were common across all interventions.
CONCLUSIONS: PA and BCT interventions have been found to be effective in improving the long-term maintenance of PA in CRCS. Further studies with higher methodological quality are needed to confirm these findings.
CONCLUSIONS: Aerobic exercise, pedometers, PA diaries and educational materials seem to be important aspects to achieve sustainable adherence to an active lifestyle over time. Supervision, access to fitness areas and applying some BCT appear to be differentiating features to obtain more successful PA maintenance.
摘要：
目的：本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是确定联合身体活动（PA）和行为改变技术（BCT）干预在结肠直肠癌幸存者（CRCS）PA维持中的长期效果，并确定其中实施最频繁的BCT。
方法：遵循PRISMA建议。截至2023年10月，在数据库中搜索随机对照试验。包括CRCS基于任何行为变化理论模型（TMBC）完成PA干预的研究以及随后的随访期。将基线和随访后的组间差异进行荟萃分析。使用BCT分类法v1进行BCT编码。还评估了方法学质量和证据确定性。
结果：涉及906项CRCS的5项研究符合纳入标准。在3至12个月的随访期后，应用BCT的PA干预措施显示出显着变化，对PA的正面影响很小（合并的SMD=0.22（0.09，0.35））。确定了22个不同的BCT（平均17.2，范围15-19），其中12个在所有干预措施中都很常见。
结论：已发现PA和BCT干预措施可有效改善CRCS中PA的长期维持。需要更高方法学质量的进一步研究来证实这些发现。
结论：有氧运动，计步器,PA日记和教育材料似乎是随着时间的推移实现可持续坚持积极生活方式的重要方面。监督,进入健身区域和应用一些BCT似乎是获得更成功的PA维护的差异化特征。
方法：遵循PRISMA建议。截至2023年10月，在数据库中搜索随机对照试验。包括CRCS基于任何行为变化理论模型（TMBC）完成PA干预的研究以及随后的随访期。将基线和随访后的组间差异进行荟萃分析。使用BCT分类法v1进行BCT编码。还评估了方法学质量和证据确定性。
结果：涉及906项CRCS的5项研究符合纳入标准。在3至12个月的随访期后，应用BCT的PA干预措施显示出显着变化，对PA的正面影响很小（合并的SMD=0.22（0.09，0.35））。确定了22个不同的BCT（平均17.2，范围15-19），其中12个在所有干预措施中都很常见。
结论：已发现PA和BCT干预措施可有效改善CRCS中PA的长期维持。需要更高方法学质量的进一步研究来证实这些发现。
结论：有氧运动，计步器,PA日记和教育材料似乎是随着时间的推移实现可持续坚持积极生活方式的重要方面。监督,进入健身区域和应用一些BCT似乎是获得更成功的PA维护的差异化特征。
