Abstract：
The aging eye undergoes the same progressive crosslinking which occurs throughout the body, resulting in increased rigidity of ocular connective tissues including the lens and the sclera which impact ocular functions. This offers the potential for a scleral treatment that is based on restoring normal biomechanical movements. Laser Scleral Microporation is a laser therapy that evaporates fractional areas of crosslinked tissues in the sclera, reducing ocular rigidity over critical anatomical zones of the accommodation apparatus, restoring the natural dynamic range of focus of the eye. Although controversial and challenged, an alternative theory for presbyopia is Schachar\'s theory that suggests a reduction in the space between the ciliary processes and the crystalline lens. Widening of this space with expansion bands has been shown to aid near vision in people with presbyopia, a technique that has been used in the past but seems to be obsolete now. The use of drugs has been used in the treatment of presbyopia, either to cause pupil miosis to increase depth of focus, or an alteration in refractive error (to induce myopia in one eye to create monovision). Drugs and laser ablation of the crystalline lens have been used with the aim of softening the hardened lens. Poor nutrition and excess exposure to ultraviolet light have been implicated in the onset of presbyopia. Dietary nutritional supplements, lifestyle changes have also been shown to improve accommodation and the question arises whether these could be harnessed in a treatment for presbyopia as well.
摘要：
老化的眼睛经历相同的渐进交联，发生在整个身体，导致眼结缔组织包括影响眼功能的晶状体和巩膜的刚度增加。这提供了基于恢复正常生物力学运动的巩膜治疗的潜力。激光巩膜微穿孔是一种激光治疗，可蒸发巩膜中交联组织的部分区域，在调节装置的关键解剖区上减少眼刚度，恢复眼睛焦点的自然动态范围。尽管有争议和挑战，老花眼的另一种理论是Schachar的理论，该理论表明睫状突起和晶状体之间的空间减少。扩展带扩大这个空间已经被证明有助于老花眼患者的近视力，一种过去使用过但现在似乎已经过时的技术。药物的使用已用于治疗老花眼，要么导致瞳孔缩小增加焦点深度，或屈光不正的改变（引起一只眼睛的近视以产生单视）。已经使用药物和晶状体的激光烧蚀以软化硬化的晶状体。营养不良和过度暴露于紫外线与老花眼的发作有关。膳食营养补充剂，生活方式的改变也被证明可以改善适应性，问题是这些是否也可以用于治疗老花眼。
