Abstract：
Gastrointestinal (GI) environment is influenced by several factors (gender, genetics, sex, disease state, food) leading to oral drug absorption variability or to low bioavailability. In this scenario, gastroretentive drug delivery systems (GRDDS) have been developed in order to solve absorption problems, to lead to a more effective local therapy or to allow sustained drug release during a longer time period than the typical oral sustained release dosage forms. Among all GRDDS, floating systems seem to provide a promising and practical approach for achieving a long intra-gastric residence time and sustained release profile. In the last years, a novel technique is being used to manufacture this kind of systems: three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. This technique provides a versatile and easy process to manufacture personalized drug delivery systems. This work presents a systematic review of the main 3D printing based designs proposed up to date to manufacture floating systems. We have also summarized the most important parameters involved in buoyancy and sustained release of the systems, in order to facilitate the scale up of this technology to industrial level. Finally, a section discussing about the influence of materials in drug release, their biocompatibility and safety considerations have been included.
摘要：
胃肠道(GI)环境受几个因素的影响(性别、遗传学,性别,疾病状态,食物)导致口服药物吸收变异性或生物利用度低。在这种情况下，胃滞留药物递送系统（GRDDS）已经开发，以解决吸收问题，导致更有效的局部治疗或允许在比典型的口服持续释放剂型更长的时间段内持续释放药物。在所有的GRDDS中,漂浮系统似乎为实现长的胃内停留时间和持续释放曲线提供了有希望和实用的方法。在过去的几年里，正在使用一种新技术来制造这种系统：三维（3D）打印技术。该技术提供了制造个性化药物递送系统的通用且容易的方法。这项工作提出了一个系统的审查，提出了最新的制造浮动系统的主要3D打印设计。我们还总结了涉及浮力和系统持续释放的最重要参数，以促进将该技术扩大到工业水平。最后,一节讨论了材料对药物释放的影响，它们的生物相容性和安全性考虑已经包括在内。
