Abstract：
Real-time detection of renal biomarkers is crucial for immediate and continuous monitoring of kidney function, facilitating early diagnosis and intervention in kidney-related disorders. This proactive approach enables timely adjustments in treatment plans, particularly in critical situations, and enhances overall patient care. Wearable devices emerge as a promising solution, enabling non-invasive and real-time data collection. This comprehensive review investigates numerous types of wearable sensors designed to detect kidney biomarkers in body fluids such as sweat. It critically evaluates the precision, dependability, and user-friendliness of these devices, contemplating their seamless integration into daily life for continuous health tracking. The review highlights the potential influence of wearable technology on individualized renal healthcare and its role in preventative medicine while also addressing challenges and future directions. The review\'s goal is to provide guidance to academics, healthcare professionals, and technologists working on wearable solutions for renal biomarker detection by compiling the body of current knowledge and advancements.
摘要：
肾脏生物标志物的实时检测对于肾功能的即时和连续监测至关重要。促进肾脏相关疾病的早期诊断和干预。这种主动的方法能够及时调整治疗计划，特别是在危急情况下，并增强整体患者护理。可穿戴设备成为一种有前途的解决方案，实现非侵入性和实时数据收集。这篇全面的综述调查了许多类型的可穿戴传感器，旨在检测体液中的肾脏生物标志物，如汗液。它严格地评估精度，可靠性，以及这些设备的用户友好性，考虑将其无缝集成到日常生活中，以进行持续的健康跟踪。该综述强调了可穿戴技术对个性化肾脏保健的潜在影响及其在预防医学中的作用，同时也解决了挑战和未来方向。审查的目标是为学者提供指导，医疗保健专业人员,和技术人员通过汇编当前知识和进步来研究肾脏生物标志物检测的可穿戴解决方案。
