Abstract：
Family environment, emotion regulation and biological sensitivity have been shown to be associated with adolescents\' externalizing problem behaviours. However, findings regarding respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) reactivity are mixed and sometimes contradictory. This study aims to clarify the roles of RSA reactivity and anger regulation in the relationship between negative family expressiveness (NFE) and adolescents\' externalizing behaviour by measuring RSA reactivity during the Parent-Adolescent Interaction Task (PAIT), designed to simulate a naturalistic negative family environment. In this study, 125 Chinese adolescents (M = 13.95 years, SD = 0.95; 48% male) completed questionnaires assessing negative family expressiveness, anger regulation and externalizing problems. Additionally, we collected electrocardiogram and respiration data during both the resting period and a 10-min PAIT. Results showed that anger regulation mediated the relationship between NFE and externalizing problem behaviours. Moreover, adolescents\' RSA reactivity moderated this mediation effect, even after controlling for baseline RSA. Greater RSA suppression potentially indicated greater susceptibility, with the relationship between NFE and anger regulation being more pronounced in adolescents with greater RSA suppression compared to those with lesser RSA suppression. These findings highlight the importance of considering physiological systems, especially within the context of adverse family environments, when studying the relationships with externalizing problems.
摘要：
家庭环境,情绪调节和生物敏感性已被证明与青少年的外化问题行为有关。然而,关于呼吸性窦性心律失常(RSA)反应性的研究结果是混合的,有时是相互矛盾的.本研究旨在通过测量父母-青少年互动任务（PAIT）期间的RSA反应性，阐明RSA反应性和愤怒调节在消极家庭表达（NFE）与青少年外化行为之间的关系中的作用。旨在模拟自然主义的负面家庭环境。在这项研究中,125名中国青少年（M=13.95岁，SD=0.95；48%的男性)完成了评估负面家庭表现力的问卷，愤怒调节和外化问题。此外,我们收集了静息期和10分钟PAIT期间的心电图和呼吸数据.结果表明，愤怒调节介导了NFE与外部化问题行为之间的关系。此外，青少年RSA反应性缓和了这种中介效应，即使在控制基线RSA之后。更大的RSA抑制可能表明更大的易感性，与RSA抑制程度较低的青少年相比，NFE与愤怒调节之间的关系在RSA抑制程度较高的青少年中更为明显。这些发现强调了考虑生理系统的重要性，特别是在不利的家庭环境中，在研究与外化问题的关系时。
