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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare and assess the compression strength, microhardness, and surface texture of two sets of materials: mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) PlusTM and bacterial cellulose nanocrystal (BCNC)-reinforced MTA PlusTM.
METHODS: According to the ASTM E384 standard, the cylindrical molds made of plexiglass with an internal diameter of 6 mm and a height of 4 mm were fabricated using computer numerical control laser cutting. A total of 20 samples (n=10) in each group were considered in this experimental study: Group I (control group) MTA PlusTM (Prevest DenPro Limited, India) and Group II (experimental group) BCNC (Vedayukt India Private Limited, India)-reinforced MTA PlusTM. After preparation, the molds were incubated at 37°C in a fully saturated condition for about 24 hours, and then the compression strength, microhardness, and scanning electron microscopy analyses were performed at different magnifications. The obtained data were then statistically analyzed.
RESULTS: Quantitative analysis revealed that there is a statistically significant difference between MTA PlusTM and BCNC-reinforced MTA PlusTM (p<0.002). The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann-Whitney U-test revealed that BCNC-reinforced MTA PlusTM showed significantly higher compression strength (33.80±3.83 MPa, p=0.00) and surface microhardness (642.85±24.00 μm, p=0.00) than the control group.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on our findings, it was concluded that there is a statistically significant difference between both study groups. Thus, incorporating BCNC into the MTA PlusTM significantly increased the compression strength and surface microhardness of the MTA PlusTM cement.
CONCLUSIONS: Numerous dental applications have been investigated for bacterial cellulose. Many benefits of bacterial cellulose are available, which include its effects on moldability, low cost, high water retention capacity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Furthermore, the addition of BCNC to MTA PlusTM accelerates the material\'s hardening process and decreases its setting time, which in turn shortens clinical chairside procedural timing and thereby improves patient satisfaction.
METHODS: According to the ASTM E384 standard, the cylindrical molds made of plexiglass with an internal diameter of 6 mm and a height of 4 mm were fabricated using computer numerical control laser cutting. A total of 20 samples (n=10) in each group were considered in this experimental study: Group I (control group) MTA PlusTM (Prevest DenPro Limited, India) and Group II (experimental group) BCNC (Vedayukt India Private Limited, India)-reinforced MTA PlusTM. After preparation, the molds were incubated at 37°C in a fully saturated condition for about 24 hours, and then the compression strength, microhardness, and scanning electron microscopy analyses were performed at different magnifications. The obtained data were then statistically analyzed.
RESULTS: Quantitative analysis revealed that there is a statistically significant difference between MTA PlusTM and BCNC-reinforced MTA PlusTM (p<0.002). The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Mann-Whitney U-test revealed that BCNC-reinforced MTA PlusTM showed significantly higher compression strength (33.80±3.83 MPa, p=0.00) and surface microhardness (642.85±24.00 μm, p=0.00) than the control group.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on our findings, it was concluded that there is a statistically significant difference between both study groups. Thus, incorporating BCNC into the MTA PlusTM significantly increased the compression strength and surface microhardness of the MTA PlusTM cement.
CONCLUSIONS: Numerous dental applications have been investigated for bacterial cellulose. Many benefits of bacterial cellulose are available, which include its effects on moldability, low cost, high water retention capacity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Furthermore, the addition of BCNC to MTA PlusTM accelerates the material\'s hardening process and decreases its setting time, which in turn shortens clinical chairside procedural timing and thereby improves patient satisfaction.
摘要：
目的：本研究旨在比较和评估压缩强度，显微硬度,和两组材料的表面纹理：矿物三氧化物聚集体（MTA）PlusTM和细菌纤维素纳米晶体（BCNC）增强的MTAPlusTM。
方法：根据ASTME384标准，使用计算机数控激光切割制造内径为6毫米，高度为4毫米的有机玻璃圆柱形模具。在本实验研究中考虑了每组共20个样品（n=10）：I组（对照组）MTAPlusTM（PrevestDenProLimited，印度)和第二组(实验组)BCNC(Vedayukt印度私人有限公司，印度）-强化MTAPlusTM。准备之后,将霉菌在37°C下在完全饱和的条件下孵育约24小时，然后是压缩强度，显微硬度,和扫描电子显微镜分析在不同的放大倍数下进行。然后对获得的数据进行统计分析。
结果：定量分析显示，MTAPlusTM和BCNC增强的MTAPlusTM之间存在统计学上的显着差异（p<0.002）。Wilcoxon符号秩检验和Mann-WhitneyU检验表明，BCNC增强的MTAPlusTM显示出显着更高的抗压强度（33.80±3.83MPa，p=0.00)和表面显微硬度(642.85±24.00μm,p=0.00)比对照组。
结论：根据我们的发现，结论是两个研究组之间存在统计学上的显著差异.因此，在MTAPlusTM中加入BCNC可以显著提高MTAPlusTM水泥的抗压强度和表面显微硬度。
结论:已经对细菌纤维素的许多牙科应用进行了研究。细菌纤维素的许多好处是可用的，包括它对成型性的影响，低成本,高保水能力，生物相容性，和生物降解性。此外，添加BCNC到MTAPlusTM加速材料的硬化过程，并减少其凝固时间，这反过来缩短了临床主席的手术时间，从而提高了患者的满意度。
方法：根据ASTME384标准，使用计算机数控激光切割制造内径为6毫米，高度为4毫米的有机玻璃圆柱形模具。在本实验研究中考虑了每组共20个样品（n=10）：I组（对照组）MTAPlusTM（PrevestDenProLimited，印度)和第二组(实验组)BCNC(Vedayukt印度私人有限公司，印度）-强化MTAPlusTM。准备之后,将霉菌在37°C下在完全饱和的条件下孵育约24小时，然后是压缩强度，显微硬度,和扫描电子显微镜分析在不同的放大倍数下进行。然后对获得的数据进行统计分析。
结果：定量分析显示，MTAPlusTM和BCNC增强的MTAPlusTM之间存在统计学上的显着差异（p<0.002）。Wilcoxon符号秩检验和Mann-WhitneyU检验表明，BCNC增强的MTAPlusTM显示出显着更高的抗压强度（33.80±3.83MPa，p=0.00)和表面显微硬度(642.85±24.00μm,p=0.00)比对照组。
结论：根据我们的发现，结论是两个研究组之间存在统计学上的显著差异.因此，在MTAPlusTM中加入BCNC可以显著提高MTAPlusTM水泥的抗压强度和表面显微硬度。
结论:已经对细菌纤维素的许多牙科应用进行了研究。细菌纤维素的许多好处是可用的，包括它对成型性的影响，低成本,高保水能力，生物相容性，和生物降解性。此外，添加BCNC到MTAPlusTM加速材料的硬化过程，并减少其凝固时间，这反过来缩短了临床主席的手术时间，从而提高了患者的满意度。
