Abstract：
Synaptic plasticity, including long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD), is an essential phenomenon in memory formation as well as maintenance along with many other cognitive functions, such as those needed for coping with external stimuli. Synaptic plasticity consists of gradual changes in the biochemistry and morphology of pre- and postsynaptic neurons, particularly in the hippocampus. Consuming marijuana as a primary source of exocannabinoids immediately impairs attention and working memory-related tasks. Evidence regarding the effects of cannabinoids on LTP and memory is contradictory. While cannabinoids can affect a variety of specific cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) and nonspecific receptors throughout the body and brain, they exert miscellaneous systemic and local cerebral effects. Given the increasing use of cannabis, mainly among the young population, plus its potential adverse long-term effects on learning and memory processes, it could be a future global health challenge. Indeed, the impact of cannabinoids on memory is multifactorial and depends on the dosage, timing, formula, and route of consumption, plus the background complex interaction of the endocannabinoids system with other cerebral networks. Herein, we review how exogenously administrated organic cannabinoids, CBRs agonists or antagonists, and endocannabinoids can affect LTP and synaptic plasticity through various receptors in interaction with other cerebral pathways and primary neurotransmitters.
摘要：
突触可塑性,包括长期增强(LTP)和长期抑郁(LTD)，是记忆形成和维持以及许多其他认知功能的基本现象，例如应对外部刺激所需的。突触可塑性包括突触前和突触后神经元的生物化学和形态的逐渐变化，特别是在海马区。将大麻作为外大麻素的主要来源，会立即损害注意力和与工作记忆有关的任务。关于大麻素对LTP和记忆的影响的证据是矛盾的。虽然大麻素可以影响人体和大脑中的各种特定大麻素受体（CBRs）和非特异性受体，它们发挥各种全身和局部的大脑作用。鉴于大麻的使用越来越多，主要是年轻人，加上它对学习和记忆过程的潜在长期不利影响，这可能是未来的全球健康挑战。的确,大麻素对记忆的影响是多因素的，取决于剂量，定时,公式，和消费途径，加上内源性大麻素系统与其他大脑网络的背景复杂相互作用。在这里，我们回顾了如何外源施用有机大麻素，CBRs激动剂或拮抗剂，内源性大麻素可以通过与其他脑通路和主要神经递质相互作用的各种受体影响LTP和突触可塑性。
