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Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the difference in sleep inertia between shift workers (SWs) and non-shift workers (NSWs) and the effects of depressive symptoms, sleepiness, insomnia, and chronotype on sleep inertia in SWs and NSWs.
METHODS: Altogether, 4,561 SWs (2,142 men and 2,419 women, aged 36.99±9.84 years) and 2,093 NSWs (999 men and 1,094 women, aged 37.80±9.73 years) participated in the current study. All participants completed the Sleep Inertia Questionnaire (SIQ), Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) through an online survey.
RESULTS: SWs reported higher SIQ scores than NSWs after controlling for CESD, ESS, ISI, or MEQ. The CESD, ESS, ISI, and MEQ predicted SIQ in both SWs and NSWs. The effects of CESD and MEQ on SIQ were stronger in SWs and NSWs, respectively. The indirect effects of CESD and MEQ on SIQ via ESS were significantly moderated by work schedules.
CONCLUSIONS: SWs showed higher sleep inertia than NSWs. The effect of chronotypes on sleep inertia was more prominent in NSWs than in SWs. However, the effect of depressive symptoms on sleep inertia was more prominent in SWs than in NSWs. Moreover, the effect of depressive symptoms or chronotypes on sleep inertia was mediated by sleepiness, and such indirect effects were significantly different among the participants stratified by work schedules.
METHODS: Altogether, 4,561 SWs (2,142 men and 2,419 women, aged 36.99±9.84 years) and 2,093 NSWs (999 men and 1,094 women, aged 37.80±9.73 years) participated in the current study. All participants completed the Sleep Inertia Questionnaire (SIQ), Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) through an online survey.
RESULTS: SWs reported higher SIQ scores than NSWs after controlling for CESD, ESS, ISI, or MEQ. The CESD, ESS, ISI, and MEQ predicted SIQ in both SWs and NSWs. The effects of CESD and MEQ on SIQ were stronger in SWs and NSWs, respectively. The indirect effects of CESD and MEQ on SIQ via ESS were significantly moderated by work schedules.
CONCLUSIONS: SWs showed higher sleep inertia than NSWs. The effect of chronotypes on sleep inertia was more prominent in NSWs than in SWs. However, the effect of depressive symptoms on sleep inertia was more prominent in SWs than in NSWs. Moreover, the effect of depressive symptoms or chronotypes on sleep inertia was mediated by sleepiness, and such indirect effects were significantly different among the participants stratified by work schedules.
摘要：
目的：我们调查了轮班工人（SWs）和非轮班工人（NSWs）之间睡眠惯性的差异以及抑郁症状的影响，困倦,失眠,和时间型对SWs和NSWs睡眠惯性的影响。
方法：总之，4,561名SWs（2,142名男性和2,419名女性，年龄36.99±9.84岁）和2,093NSW（999名男性和1,094名女性，年龄37.80±9.73岁）参加了本研究。所有参与者都完成了睡眠惯性问卷（SIQ），流行病学研究抑郁量表（CESD），Epworth嗜睡量表（ESS），失眠严重程度指数（ISI），通过在线调查和晨曦-均匀性问卷(MEQ)。
结果：在控制CESD后，SWs报告的SIQ分数高于NSWs，ESS,ISI,或MEQ。CESD,ESS,ISI,MEQ预测SWs和NSWs中的SIQ。在SWs和NSWs中，CESD和MEQ对SIQ的影响更强，分别。CESD和MEQ通过ESS对SIQ的间接影响明显受到工作时间表的调节。
结论：SWs比NSWs显示更高的睡眠惯性。与SWs相比，慢性型对睡眠惯性的影响在NSWs中更为突出。然而,抑郁症状对睡眠惯性的影响在SWs中比在NSWs中更显著。此外，抑郁症状或慢性型对睡眠惯性的影响是由嗜睡介导的，这种间接效应在按工作时间表分层的参与者中存在显著差异.
方法：总之，4,561名SWs（2,142名男性和2,419名女性，年龄36.99±9.84岁）和2,093NSW（999名男性和1,094名女性，年龄37.80±9.73岁）参加了本研究。所有参与者都完成了睡眠惯性问卷（SIQ），流行病学研究抑郁量表（CESD），Epworth嗜睡量表（ESS），失眠严重程度指数（ISI），通过在线调查和晨曦-均匀性问卷(MEQ)。
结果：在控制CESD后，SWs报告的SIQ分数高于NSWs，ESS,ISI,或MEQ。CESD,ESS,ISI,MEQ预测SWs和NSWs中的SIQ。在SWs和NSWs中，CESD和MEQ对SIQ的影响更强，分别。CESD和MEQ通过ESS对SIQ的间接影响明显受到工作时间表的调节。
结论：SWs比NSWs显示更高的睡眠惯性。与SWs相比，慢性型对睡眠惯性的影响在NSWs中更为突出。然而,抑郁症状对睡眠惯性的影响在SWs中比在NSWs中更显著。此外，抑郁症状或慢性型对睡眠惯性的影响是由嗜睡介导的，这种间接效应在按工作时间表分层的参与者中存在显著差异.
