PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: The relative importance of different components of cognitive reserve (CR), as well as their differences by gender, are poorly established.
UNASSIGNED: To explore several dimensions of CR, their differences by gender, and their effects on cognitive performance and trajectory in a cohort of older people without relevant psychiatric, neurologic, or systemic conditions.
UNASSIGNED: Twenty-one variables related to the education, occupation, social activities, and life habits of 1,093 home-dwelling and cognitively healthy individuals, between 68 and 86 years old, were explored using factorial analyses to delineate several dimensions of CR. These dimensions were contrasted with baseline cognitive performance, follow-up over 5 years of participants\' cognitive trajectory, conversion to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and brain volumes using regression and growth curve models, controlling for gender, age, marital status, number of medications, trait anxiety, depression, and ApoE genotype.
UNASSIGNED: Five highly intercorrelated dimensions of CR were identified, with some differences in their structure and effects based on gender. Three of them, education/occupation, midlife cognitive activities, and leisure activities, were significantly associated with late-life cognitive performance, accounting for more than 20% of its variance. The education/occupation had positive effect on the rate of cognitive decline during the 5-year follow up in individuals with final diagnosis of MCI but showed a reduced risk for MCI in men. None of these dimensions showed significant relationships with gray or white matter volumes.
UNASSIGNED: Proxy markers of CR can be represented by five interrelated dimensions. Education/occupation, midlife cognitive activities, and leisure activities are associated with better cognitive performance in old age and provide a buffer against cognitive impairment. Education/occupation may delay the clinical onset of MCI and is also associated with the rate of change in cognitive performance.
UNASSIGNED: To explore several dimensions of CR, their differences by gender, and their effects on cognitive performance and trajectory in a cohort of older people without relevant psychiatric, neurologic, or systemic conditions.
UNASSIGNED: Twenty-one variables related to the education, occupation, social activities, and life habits of 1,093 home-dwelling and cognitively healthy individuals, between 68 and 86 years old, were explored using factorial analyses to delineate several dimensions of CR. These dimensions were contrasted with baseline cognitive performance, follow-up over 5 years of participants\' cognitive trajectory, conversion to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and brain volumes using regression and growth curve models, controlling for gender, age, marital status, number of medications, trait anxiety, depression, and ApoE genotype.
UNASSIGNED: Five highly intercorrelated dimensions of CR were identified, with some differences in their structure and effects based on gender. Three of them, education/occupation, midlife cognitive activities, and leisure activities, were significantly associated with late-life cognitive performance, accounting for more than 20% of its variance. The education/occupation had positive effect on the rate of cognitive decline during the 5-year follow up in individuals with final diagnosis of MCI but showed a reduced risk for MCI in men. None of these dimensions showed significant relationships with gray or white matter volumes.
UNASSIGNED: Proxy markers of CR can be represented by five interrelated dimensions. Education/occupation, midlife cognitive activities, and leisure activities are associated with better cognitive performance in old age and provide a buffer against cognitive impairment. Education/occupation may delay the clinical onset of MCI and is also associated with the rate of change in cognitive performance.
摘要：
■认知储备（CR）不同成分的相对重要性，以及他们的性别差异，建立不良。
■要探索CR的几个维度，他们的性别差异，以及它们对一群没有相关精神病的老年人的认知表现和轨迹的影响，神经学，或系统条件。
■与教育有关的21个变量，职业,社会活动,以及1093名家庭居住和认知健康个体的生活习惯，在68到86岁之间，使用阶乘分析来描述CR的几个维度。这些维度与基线认知表现进行了对比，随访超过5年的参与者的认知轨迹，转换为轻度认知障碍（MCI），使用回归和生长曲线模型和大脑体积，控制性别，年龄,婚姻状况,药物的数量,特质焦虑,抑郁症,和ApoE基因型。
■确定了五个高度相关的CR维度，它们的结构和效果因性别而异。其中三个,教育/职业，中年认知活动，和休闲活动，与晚年认知表现显著相关，占其方差的20%以上。在最终诊断为MCI的个体的5年随访中，教育/职业对认知下降率具有积极影响，但在男性中显示MCI风险降低。这些维度均未显示与灰质或白质体积的显着关系。
■CR的代理标记可以由五个相互关联的维度表示。教育/职业，中年认知活动，和休闲活动与老年人更好的认知表现相关，并为认知障碍提供缓冲。教育/职业可能会延迟MCI的临床发作，并且还与认知表现的变化率有关。
■要探索CR的几个维度，他们的性别差异，以及它们对一群没有相关精神病的老年人的认知表现和轨迹的影响，神经学，或系统条件。
■与教育有关的21个变量，职业,社会活动,以及1093名家庭居住和认知健康个体的生活习惯，在68到86岁之间，使用阶乘分析来描述CR的几个维度。这些维度与基线认知表现进行了对比，随访超过5年的参与者的认知轨迹，转换为轻度认知障碍（MCI），使用回归和生长曲线模型和大脑体积，控制性别，年龄,婚姻状况,药物的数量,特质焦虑,抑郁症,和ApoE基因型。
■确定了五个高度相关的CR维度，它们的结构和效果因性别而异。其中三个,教育/职业，中年认知活动，和休闲活动，与晚年认知表现显著相关，占其方差的20%以上。在最终诊断为MCI的个体的5年随访中，教育/职业对认知下降率具有积极影响，但在男性中显示MCI风险降低。这些维度均未显示与灰质或白质体积的显着关系。
■CR的代理标记可以由五个相互关联的维度表示。教育/职业，中年认知活动，和休闲活动与老年人更好的认知表现相关，并为认知障碍提供缓冲。教育/职业可能会延迟MCI的临床发作，并且还与认知表现的变化率有关。
