Abstract：
In the era of big data, ecological research is experiencing a transformative shift, yet advancements in thermal ecology and the study of animal responses to climate conditions remain limited. This review discusses how big data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) can significantly enhance our understanding of microclimates and animal behaviors under changing climatic conditions. We explore AI\'s potential to refine microclimate models and analyze data from advanced sensors and camera technologies, which capture detailed, high-resolution information. This integration allows researchers to dissect complex ecological and physiological processes with unprecedented precision. We describe how AI can enhance microclimate modeling through improved bias correction and downscaling techniques, providing more accurate estimates of the conditions that animals face under various climate scenarios. Additionally, we explore AI\'s capabilities in tracking animal responses to these conditions, particularly through innovative classification models that utilize sensors such as accelerometers and acoustic loggers. Moreover, the widespread usage of camera traps can benefit from AI-driven image classification models to accurately identify thermoregulatory responses, such as shade usage and panting. AI is therefore instrumental in monitoring how animals interact with their environments, offering vital insights into their adaptive behaviors. Finally, we discuss how these advanced data-driven approaches can inform and enhance conservation strategies. Detailed mapping of microhabitats essential for species survival under adverse conditions can guide the design of climate-resilient conservation and restoration programs that prioritize habitat features crucial for biodiversity resilience. In conclusion, the convergence of AI, big data, and ecological science heralds a new era of precision conservation, essential for addressing the global environmental challenges of the 21st century.
摘要：
在大数据时代,生态研究正在经历一场变革性的转变，然而，热生态学和动物对气候条件的反应研究的进展仍然有限。这篇评论讨论了大数据分析和人工智能（AI）如何在不断变化的气候条件下显着增强我们对微气候和动物行为的理解。我们探索AI在完善小气候模型和分析来自先进传感器和相机技术的数据方面的潜力，捕捉细节，高分辨率信息。这种整合使研究人员能够以前所未有的精度剖析复杂的生态和生理过程。我们描述了人工智能如何通过改进的偏差校正和缩减技术来增强小气候建模，提供更准确的估计动物在各种气候情景下面临的条件。此外,我们探索AI在跟踪动物对这些条件的反应方面的能力，特别是通过创新的分类模型，利用传感器，如加速度计和声学记录器。此外，相机陷阱的广泛使用可以受益于AI驱动的图像分类模型，以准确识别体温调节反应，如阴凉处的使用和喘气。因此，人工智能有助于监测动物如何与环境互动，为他们的适应性行为提供重要的见解。最后,我们讨论了这些先进的数据驱动方法如何为保护策略提供信息和增强保护策略。在不利条件下对物种生存至关重要的微生境的详细绘图可以指导气候适应保护和恢复计划的设计，这些计划优先考虑对生物多样性恢复能力至关重要的生境特征。总之,人工智能的融合，大数据,生态科学预示着精确保护的新时代，对于应对21世纪的全球环境挑战至关重要。
